These are the commands learned by session:
| Session
|
Commands
|
Description
|
| Session 1
|
ls
cd
mv
cp
mkdir
man
rm
rmdir
touch
|
lists the contents of the current directory
allows you to navigate to new directories
allows you to move (rename) content
allows you to copy content
allows you to make directories
allows you to view a manual of a command
allows you to remove content
allows you to remove directories
allows you to change file access and modification times
|
| Session 2
|
cat
less
more
grep
fc
locate
updatedb
find
whereis
chown
chgrp
chmod
tar
gzip
du
df
|
display the contents of a text file for viewing
allows backward movement in the file as well as forward movement
same thing as less but the entire output
allows you to find text within a file
allows you to display the contents of the history file, edit the contents of the history file, and re-execute previous commands stored in the history file
which provides a secure way to index and quickly search for files on your system
simply a link to slocate that implies the -u option that creates slocate database starting at the root directory
will search any set of directories you specify for files that match the supplied search criteria
which locates source/binary and manuals sections for specified files
which is to change the owner of a file
unprivileged (regular) users who wish to change the group of a file can use this
command that lets you tell the system how much or little access it should permit to a file
which will create tape archives and add or extract files to a specified location
will compress or expand the tar files
used to estimate the file space usage, space used under a particular directory or files on a file system
will report how much free disk space is available for each mount you have
|
| Session 3
|
ps
top
jobs
fg
bg
dmesg
fdisk
cfdisk
lilo
grub
mkfs
mkswap
e2fsck
umount
mount
kill
uname
who
su
|
lets you check the status of processes that are running on your system
display top CPU processes
is a list the jobs that you are running in the background and in the foreground
will continue a stopped job by running it in the foreground
continues a stopped job in the background
is used to examine or control the kernel ring buffer
is a partition table manipulator
is a curses based program for partitioning any hard disk drive
installs a boot loader that will be activated next time you boot
enables a user to have multiple operating systems on their computer, and choose which one to run when the computer starts
is used to build a Linux file system on a device, usually a hard disk partition
sets up a Linux swap area on a device or in a file
is used to check a Linux second extended file system
command detaches the file system(s) mentioned from the file hierarchy
will mount a file system
is used to send signals to running processes, for example to request the termination of this process
returns system information in the structure pointed to
command lets you display the users that are currently logged into your Unix computer system
allows you to become a super user or another user
|
| Session 4
|
rpm
apt
yum
init
inet.d
rsyslog
cron
echo
cat
ifconfig
route
netstat
|
is a package management system
is a free user interface that works with core libraries to handle the installation and removal of software
is an interactive, automated update program which can be used for maintaining systems using rpm
is the parent of all processes. Its primary role is to create processes from a script stored in the file /etc/inittab
stores system startup and service management script
is an open source program for forwarding log messages in an IP network for UNIX and Unix-like systems
enables users to schedule jobs (commands or shell scripts) to run periodically at certain times or dates
a line of text
command is a standard Unix program used to concatenate and display files
command allows the operating system to setup network interfaces and allow the user to view information about the configured network interfaces
shows and manipulates the IP routing table
shows network status
|
| Session 5
|
ssh
rcp
ftp
sftp
webmin
samba
|
secure shell
remote file copy
file transfer protocol
secure file transfer protocal
web based GUI for linux systems
is an Open Source/Free Software suite that provides seamless file and print services to SMB/CIFS clients
|
| Session 6
|
std
pipe
<
>
>>
2>
sort
nl
wc
cut
awk
paste
join
uniq
head
tail
split
tac
sed
|
Linux-based Security Tool
command you can take the output and pipe it to the output of another program
will allow you to provide the data as input into the standard output
Replace a file(will allow you to put the output into a file to allow viewing in your editor of choice)
Append a file(will go to the end of existing and add on to the end of the file)
will put the errors in the that file
will sort results alpha first
skips spaces
displays lines, words, and chars
will remove the number of spaces you input
very good to manipulate data in columns
allows you to see two files next to each other
allows you to see the two files next to each other but with matching fields if in the same line order
a way to locate any duplications
will show 10 lines by default
will show you the last 10 lines by default
by default it will split it up into 1000 lines
programmers attempt at humor cat backwards is tac, it will replace something in a file
Sort for Stream Editor sed allows you to use pre-recorded commands to make changes to text
|
| Session 7
|
iptables
ip6tables
filter
nat
mangle
apache2
|
modifies the chains for IPv4
modifies the chains for IPv6
input / forward / output are in this section
changes the ip addresses of packets as it goes out to the internet
prerouting / output are in this section
webserver program
|
| Session 8
|
imap
pop3
smtp
sendmail
newaliases
postfix
mailq
spamassassin
amavis
maildir
mbox
|
a MDA that keeps all the mail on the server
a MDA deletes the mail when delivered
is a MTA or a MUA
is a MTA
to allow the edited aliases to run correctly after editing
is a MTA
retrieves the mail that is waiting to be sent
most common spam filtering tool
a mail virus scanner
a mail control center that is better then mbox
a mail control center where everything is store as one
|
| Session 9
|
bind9
nslookup
dig
dhcp3-server
|
internet domain name server
name and ip address lookup for the server you have set up
the specifc server name will give you the zone
provide ip addresses to computers on the network, automaticly is configured
|
| Session 10
|
mysql-server
mysqld
mysql-u root-p
vlan
iface
ifup
ifdown
|
is a relational database management system, that runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of databases
all the basic settings
will connect you to the server
stands for virtual LAN. A single VLAN-capable switch is able to participate in multiple LANs at once
interfaces
set ineterfaces to up
set interfaces to down
|