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'''Installation Methods''' | '''Installation Methods''' | ||
::* FTP server across network | |||
::* HTTP web server across network | |||
::* NFS server across network | |||
::* SMB (SAMBA) server across network | |||
::* Packages located on HD | |||
::* CD-ROM or bootable DVD media | |||
'''Performing the Installation stages''' | '''Performing the Installation stages''' | ||
::* Start installation | |||
::* Choosing language, keyboard and storage type | |||
::* Selecting hostname, time zone & root password | |||
::* Configuring storage devices | |||
::* Configuring the boot loader | |||
::* Selecting and installing packages | |||
::* Completing first boot wizard | |||
'''Starting the Installation''' | '''Starting the Installation''' | ||
::* System Rescue – A installation feature used to repair a system from the installation DVD | |||
::* Can be used to repair a Linux system which cannot be started. | |||
::* Memory Test – Can be used to test memory and prevent errors. Uses memtest86 utility to test RAM for errors | |||
'''Checking media for errors''' | '''Checking media for errors''' | ||
::* Feature of the default installation | |||
::* Optional - Good practice with new, unused media | |||
::* Checks bootable DVD or CD-ROM for errors | |||
'''Choosing language, keyboard and storage type''' | '''Choosing language, keyboard and storage type''' | ||
::* This is just a matter of choosing the language you’ll be using, your default keyboard layout and whether or not you’ll installing Linux locally or on a DASD (direct access storage device) | |||
'''Configuring Storage Devices''' | '''Configuring Storage Devices''' | ||
Can only be one of four basic configurations: | Can only be one of four basic configurations: | ||
::* Primary master PATA - had | |||
::* Primary slave PATA – hdb | |||
::* Secondary master PATA – hdc | |||
::* Secondary slave PATA – hdd | |||
Used by newer server systems typically use : | Used by newer server systems typically use : | ||
::* SATA/SCSI –1st disk= sda, 2nd disk = sdb, 3rd disk= sdc, ect. | |||
::* Unlike PATA can have more than four hard disks | |||
'''Hard Disk Partitioning''' | '''Hard Disk Partitioning''' | ||
::* Maximum of four primary partitions | |||
::* Extended Partition can contain unlimited number of smaller partitions or logical drives | |||
::* Root Directory (/) | |||
::* Swap memory – Virtual memory utilized when physical memory (RAM) is being exhausted | |||
'''Primary Master Partitioning''' | '''Primary Master Partitioning''' | ||
Linux only requires two partitions minimum : | Linux only requires two partitions minimum : | ||
::* Root directory (main directory) designated by a “\” | |||
::* Swap (aka Virtual memory) | |||
:::^ NOTE : Doesn’t contain a file system is never mounted to a directory because Linux is responsible for swapping info. | |||
::* Extra partitions help keep the entire system free from errors. | |||
'''Basic Linux''' | '''Basic Linux''' | ||
::* Kernel – Loads all components and controls computing activities, the heart of the operating system | |||
::* Once the BIOS starts after boot-up, it then starts a boot loader (such as GRUB) which then loads the Linux Kernel into memory. | |||
::* If there is a windows system already on the HD the boot loader can give you the option of which OS you’d like to load. This is known as dual booting. | |||
::* Terminal – Channel that allows users to log in | |||
::* Shell – Passes user input to the kernel for processing. BASH shell (Bourne Again Shell) – command-line shell similar to cmd on Windows | |||
'''Basic Shell Commands''' | '''Basic Shell Commands''' | ||
::* Commands – Case sensitive, indicate program to execute | |||
::* Options – specific letters preceded by a hyphen (-) following a command | |||
::* Arguments – specify parameters that tailor the command to the users particular needs | |||
::* Command line order is this.. (Command) (Options)(Argument) | |||
::* Ls – a /etc/ntp | |||
::* Command = Ls (list) | |||
::* Option = -a (lists all files) | |||
::* Argument = /etc/ntp (refers to the /etc/ntp directory) | |||
'''Common Commands'''You can find some common commands on page 66 of the text. | '''Common Commands''' | ||
::*You can find some common commands on page 66 of the text. | |||
'''Metacharacters''' | '''Metacharacters''' | ||
::* Keyboard characters that have a special meaning | |||
::* ($) – Tells the shell that the following text refers to variable | |||
::* A piece of information that is stored in memory, typically uppercase words, automatically set by the Linux system at login | |||
::* There’s a list of metacharacters used in BASH on page 67 of the text | |||
Help | Help | ||
::* Manual pages (man pages) | |||
::* man <command name> | |||
::* Include description, syntax, options, related files, and commands | |||
::* Search manual pages with a keyword use –k | |||
::* man –k <keyword> | |||
::* Info pages – include easy-to-read description and hyperlinks | |||
'''Shutdown Commands''' | '''Shutdown Commands''' | ||
There’s a list of various shutdown commands on page 73 of the text | ::*There’s a list of various shutdown commands on page 73 of the text | ||
Revision as of 00:28, 27 January 2012
== Chapter 2 Linux Installation and Usage ==
- Preparation and installation of Fedora Linux using good practices.
- Outline the structure of Linux interface.
- Enter basic shell commands and find command documentation.
- Properly shutdown the Linux OS
Preparing for Installation
- Hardware Compatibility List (HCL)
- The minimum requirement s for Fedora 13 Linux can be found :
- Http://docs.fedoraproject.org
- Preinstallation checklist
- A system checklist that can compared against the HCL during installation.
- Information will include :
- • CPU (Type /MHz)
- • RAM (Mb)
- • Keyboard model and layout
- • Hard Disk size (MB)
- • Host Name
- • Network card IP configuration
- • IP address, Netmask Gatway, DNS servers, and DHCP
- • Linux Packages to install
- • Video Card Make and Model
- • Video Card RAM (Mb)
- • Monitor make and model
- • Monitor Vsync and HSync ranges
Installation Methods
- FTP server across network
- HTTP web server across network
- NFS server across network
- SMB (SAMBA) server across network
- Packages located on HD
- CD-ROM or bootable DVD media
Performing the Installation stages
- Start installation
- Choosing language, keyboard and storage type
- Selecting hostname, time zone & root password
- Configuring storage devices
- Configuring the boot loader
- Selecting and installing packages
- Completing first boot wizard
Starting the Installation
- System Rescue – A installation feature used to repair a system from the installation DVD
- Can be used to repair a Linux system which cannot be started.
- Memory Test – Can be used to test memory and prevent errors. Uses memtest86 utility to test RAM for errors
Checking media for errors
- Feature of the default installation
- Optional - Good practice with new, unused media
- Checks bootable DVD or CD-ROM for errors
Choosing language, keyboard and storage type
- This is just a matter of choosing the language you’ll be using, your default keyboard layout and whether or not you’ll installing Linux locally or on a DASD (direct access storage device)
Configuring Storage Devices Can only be one of four basic configurations:
- Primary master PATA - had
- Primary slave PATA – hdb
- Secondary master PATA – hdc
- Secondary slave PATA – hdd
Used by newer server systems typically use :
- SATA/SCSI –1st disk= sda, 2nd disk = sdb, 3rd disk= sdc, ect.
- Unlike PATA can have more than four hard disks
Hard Disk Partitioning
- Maximum of four primary partitions
- Extended Partition can contain unlimited number of smaller partitions or logical drives
- Root Directory (/)
- Swap memory – Virtual memory utilized when physical memory (RAM) is being exhausted
Primary Master Partitioning Linux only requires two partitions minimum :
- Root directory (main directory) designated by a “\”
- Swap (aka Virtual memory)
- ^ NOTE : Doesn’t contain a file system is never mounted to a directory because Linux is responsible for swapping info.
- Extra partitions help keep the entire system free from errors.
Basic Linux
- Kernel – Loads all components and controls computing activities, the heart of the operating system
- Once the BIOS starts after boot-up, it then starts a boot loader (such as GRUB) which then loads the Linux Kernel into memory.
- If there is a windows system already on the HD the boot loader can give you the option of which OS you’d like to load. This is known as dual booting.
- Terminal – Channel that allows users to log in
- Shell – Passes user input to the kernel for processing. BASH shell (Bourne Again Shell) – command-line shell similar to cmd on Windows
Basic Shell Commands
- Commands – Case sensitive, indicate program to execute
- Options – specific letters preceded by a hyphen (-) following a command
- Arguments – specify parameters that tailor the command to the users particular needs
- Command line order is this.. (Command) (Options)(Argument)
- Ls – a /etc/ntp
- Command = Ls (list)
- Option = -a (lists all files)
- Argument = /etc/ntp (refers to the /etc/ntp directory)
Common Commands
- You can find some common commands on page 66 of the text.
Metacharacters
- Keyboard characters that have a special meaning
- ($) – Tells the shell that the following text refers to variable
- A piece of information that is stored in memory, typically uppercase words, automatically set by the Linux system at login
- There’s a list of metacharacters used in BASH on page 67 of the text
Help
- Manual pages (man pages)
- man <command name>
- Include description, syntax, options, related files, and commands
- Search manual pages with a keyword use –k
- man –k <keyword>
- Info pages – include easy-to-read description and hyperlinks
Shutdown Commands
- There’s a list of various shutdown commands on page 73 of the text