Franske CNT-2311 Labs: Difference between revisions
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=Chapter 1= | =Chapter 1= | ||
# Install the Fedora Linux distribution into a new virtual machine. | |||
# Login to your Ubuntu Linux server virtual machine using your standard username and password | |||
# Experiment with moving from directory to directory on the system | |||
## Try to get to the /etc, /usr/bin and /var/cache/man directories on your system. How can you verify which directory you are currently working in? | |||
## Try using a shortcut to get back to your the home directory of your user. | |||
# Create a new directory inside of your home directory called '''linuxlabs''' and another new directory inside of that directory called '''chapter01''' | |||
# Make '''chapter01''' your working directory and create three empty files within that directory named '''one''', '''two''', and '''three''' using the touch command. | |||
# View a long style listing of all files (including hidden files) in the current directory to verify the three files were created and each have a size of zero. | |||
# Set an environment variable called '''MYNAME''' equal to your name and then use the echo command to display a customized greeting using the environment variable you just set. | |||
# The dmesg command will display the system kernel log. Capture the standard output from the dmesg command into a new file named '''kernel-log'''. | |||
# Rename the '''kernel-log''' file to '''startup-log''' and the '''one''' file to '''number-name''' | |||
# Use the nano text editor to edit the '''number-name''' file to include the information from your textbook listing 1.1 found on page 19. Create another new file named '''number-status''' with the information from listing 1.2 on the same page. | |||
# Use the join command to match the data in the '''number-name''' file with that in the '''number-status''' file and capture the result into a new file named '''number-name-and-status''' | |||
# Use the '''man''' command to review the manual pages of the '''less''' command | |||
# Copy the '''/var/log/syslog''' file into a new file '''~/linuxlabs/chapter01/system-log-file''' | |||
# Try using some of the other text processing commands including '''sort''', '''nl''', '''head''', '''tail''', '''grep''', etc. to manipulate data on files in your '''chapter01''' directory. | |||
=Chapter 2= | =Chapter 2= | ||
# Install Fedora as a second virtual machine | # Install Fedora as a second virtual machine |
Revision as of 16:20, 20 January 2011
Chapter 1
- Install the Fedora Linux distribution into a new virtual machine.
- Login to your Ubuntu Linux server virtual machine using your standard username and password
- Experiment with moving from directory to directory on the system
- Try to get to the /etc, /usr/bin and /var/cache/man directories on your system. How can you verify which directory you are currently working in?
- Try using a shortcut to get back to your the home directory of your user.
- Create a new directory inside of your home directory called linuxlabs and another new directory inside of that directory called chapter01
- Make chapter01 your working directory and create three empty files within that directory named one, two, and three using the touch command.
- View a long style listing of all files (including hidden files) in the current directory to verify the three files were created and each have a size of zero.
- Set an environment variable called MYNAME equal to your name and then use the echo command to display a customized greeting using the environment variable you just set.
- The dmesg command will display the system kernel log. Capture the standard output from the dmesg command into a new file named kernel-log.
- Rename the kernel-log file to startup-log and the one file to number-name
- Use the nano text editor to edit the number-name file to include the information from your textbook listing 1.1 found on page 19. Create another new file named number-status with the information from listing 1.2 on the same page.
- Use the join command to match the data in the number-name file with that in the number-status file and capture the result into a new file named number-name-and-status
- Use the man command to review the manual pages of the less command
- Copy the /var/log/syslog file into a new file ~/linuxlabs/chapter01/system-log-file
- Try using some of the other text processing commands including sort, nl, head, tail, grep, etc. to manipulate data on files in your chapter01 directory.
Chapter 2
- Install Fedora as a second virtual machine
- Download an RPM file for a program in Fedora
- Use the RPM utility to query for information about the RPM package
- Install a program using RPM in Fedora
- Download and install a program using YUM in Fedora
- Download and install a program using apt-get or aptitude in Ubuntu
- Use ldd to get information about what libraries a program uses
- Use ps and top to view processes running on the system
- Use job control to start and stop jobs as well as run jobs in the background and list all currently running jobs
Chapter 3
- Experiment with viewing data about system hardware and driers using the following utilities
- cat /proc/interrupts
- cat /proc/ioports
- cat /proc/dma
- lspci
- lsmod
- lsusb
- dmesg
- Create a new virtual hard drive file and add it as a secondary hard drive to your Linux VM
- Partition the second hard drive into multiple partitions
- Format the partitions on the second hard drive
- Mount and unmount the formatted partitions to various mountpoints you have created within your filesystem
Chapter 4
- Use the ls command to list files in a directory
- Use the -a and -l options to get a long file listing and one that includes hidden files
- Display the file types as part of the listing
- Use the cp command to try copying files and entire directories from one location to another
- Use the mv command to try moving files and entire directories from one location to another
- Use the rm command to try deleting files and entire directories
- Use the touch command to modify file access times
- Use the tar utility to backup a folder and all the files it contains into a single gzipped tar file
- Extract your gzipped tar file to some other location on your drive
- Use the ln utility to create hard and soft links to files in other places on your system
- Use the mkdir and rmdir commands to create and remove directories on your system
- Use the chown command to change the owner AND group of a file and of a directory plus all the files it contains (recursively)
- Use the chgrp command to change just the group of a file
- Use the chmod command to change the permissions on a file or directory using both octal and symbolic modes
- Use the locate, find, whereis, which and type commands to try finding files on your system
Chapter 5
- Identify and explore the GRUB configuration file on your system
- Use the dmesg utility to display the kernel ring buffer on your system
- Use the init command to switch between text-mod and GUI interfaces on a Fedora system
- Use the runlevel command to display the current runlevel and verify that it is changing
- Explore the inittab file (and it's Upstart replacement used in Ubuntu)
- View the SysV startup scripts installed on your system and check which ones are setup to start and stop at each of the runlevels
- Use the chkconfig command to list services running at each runlevel on your system
- Try shutting down and restarting your system using the shutdown command in combination with a shutdown timer
- Use Vi to create and edit a file, including:
- Yanking and pasting lines and groups of lines
- Deleting groups of lines at a time
- Searching and replacing text
- Saving and quitting
Chapter 6
- Use the Xorg -configure command to create a xorg.conf file and review the sections found in that file
- Attempt to change the X resolution through the xorg.conf file
- If you are unable to change the resolution in the xorg.conf file try changing it through a GUI monitor resolution tool
- Try out several accessibility options in X, for example:
- Sticky Keys
- Slow Keys
- Bounce Keys
- Mouse Keys / Mouse Navigation Emulation
- Dwell Click / Simulated Mouse Clicks
- Check the locales installed on your system with the locale -a command
- Change the current locale (including switching the character encoding method if you have a locale with a different encoding method installed) and timezone of your system
- Create a new text file while in a different character encoding mode
- Change your locale and timezone back to their original settings
- Use the iconv program to convert the text file you created to your default character encoding method
Chapter 7
- Users and Groups
- Create new users on the system
- Create new groups on the system
- Explore the /etc/passwd, /etc/group and /etc/shadow files
- Change the password of the current user
- Change the password of another user as Root
- Use the chown and chgrp commands to change the owner and group associated with files and folders
- Remove users from the system
- Explore the system logging settings in /etc/syslog.conf and /etc/logrotate.conf
- Review system logfiles
- Manually set the system date and time
- Configure NTP to automatically update the system date and time
- Setup a system and user cron job to run a scheduled task
Chapter 8
- Check network interface configurations with ifconfig
- Set the system hostname (temporairly with hostname and permanently with /etc/hostname)
- Resovle DNS names with nslookup, host and dig
- Explore system name resolution settings in /etc/hosts, /etc/resolv.conf and /etc/nsswitch.conf
- Configure a network interface in both Ubuntu and Fedora using graphical and text only modes for DHCP and for a static address
- Stop and start a network interface to apply settings
- Explore the system routing table
- Enable IP Forwarding
- Test system connectivity
- With the ping command
- With the traceroute command
- With the netstat command
- With the telnet or ftp utilities
- Examine network traffic with the tcpdump utility
Chapter 9
- Try viewing some of the predefined environment variables
- Try setting an environment variable of your own and then viewing it
- Create an alias for a command and they try using it
- Explore the global and per-user shell configuration files
- Write a basic shell script, make it executable and test it out
- Try writing a shell script using conditionals, loops or functions and then test it out
- Setup one of the email server programs such as Postfix on your system for local mail delivery
- Try sending messages between users of your system using the command line as well as a graphical client
- Create an e-mail alias which directs mail to one or more users on your system and test it out
- Install the MySQL server on your system and work through all the MySQL commands from p.456 to p.465
Chapter 10
- Install the xinetd super server and explore the configuration files
- Use the netstat and lsof commands to check open ports on your system
- Install the nmap scanner and try running a scan on your own system (127.0.0.1)
- Setup the sudo program to allow limited access to run commands as root for various users on your system and try this out
- Search your system for all SUID/SGID files
- Install the SSH server on your systems and try SSHing from one system to another
- Try copying files between systems with SCP
- Try to setup SSH to use authorized_keys instead of passwords for one of your users
- Install GPG and create a key for your user
- Try encrypting and decrypting a text file using GPG
Webmin and Apache
- Install the links and lynx text-mode web browsers on your Ubuntu Server System
- Install these packages on your Ubuntu Server system
- links lynx
- Install these packages on your Ubuntu Server system
- Install Webmin on your Ubuntu Server System
- Download the Webmin DEB package from http://www.webmin.com
- Install the following packages on your Ubuntu Server (command line only) system through one of the APT utilities:
- perl libnet-ssleay-perl openssl libauthen-pam-perl libpam-runtime libio-pty-perl libmd5-perl apt-show-versions libapt-pkg-perl
- Install the Webmin DEB package you downloaded with the dpkg utility
- Check the IP address of your system
- Using a web browser on your HOST (i.e. Windows) system visit https://your-ubuntu-server-ip-address:10000
- Login to the Webmin interface with the username "root" and your system root password
- Install Apache 2, PHP5 and MySQL on your Ubuntu Server System
- Install these packages on your Ubuntu Server system
- apache2 mysql-server php5 php5-mysql
- Login to the Webmin interface and "Refresh Modules" to get the Apache Webserver and MySQL server to show up in Webmin
- Install these packages on your Ubuntu Server system
- Install a WordPress blog or a MyBB bulletin board
- Download and install (following instructions included in the download) the WordPress or MyBB software on your webserver. Note that this will involve creating a MySQL database.
- Make sure that you can access and use your web application through a browser on your host system accessing http://your-ubuntu-server-ip-address