Routing Protocol Commands: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with "Image:Network.jpg == Commands for RIP == Router(config)#'''router rip''' - Enables RIP as a protocol Router(config-router)#'''network''' ''w.x.y.z'' - ''w.x.y.z'' is ...")
 
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{| class="wikitable"
|-
! '''Route Protocol'''
! '''Builds Topology Map'''
! '''Router can independently '''
'''determine the shortest path '''
'''to every network'''
! '''Convergence'''
! '''A periodic/event driven routing updates'''
! '''Use of LSP'''
|-
| '''Distance Vector'''
| No
| No
| Slow
| Generally no
| no
|-
| '''Link-state'''
| Yes
| Yes
| Fast
| Generally yes
| Yes
|-
|}
** Information taken from in-class presentation.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! '''Name'''
! '''Class'''
! '''Type'''
! '''Interior/Exterior'''
! '''Default Metric'''
! '''Administrative'''
'''Distance'''
! '''Hop Count Limit'''
! '''Convergance'''
! '''Classful/'''
'''Classless'''
! '''Update Timers'''
! '''Updates'''
! '''VLSM Support'''
! '''Algorithm'''
! '''Update Address'''
! '''Protocol and Port'''
|-
| '''RIPv1'''
| Distance Vector
| IGP
| Interior
| Hopcount
| 120
| 15
| Slow
| Classful
| 30 Seconds
| Full Table
| No
| Bellman-Ford
| Broadcast
| UDP port 520
|-
| '''RIPv2'''
| Distance Vector
| IGP
| Interior
| Hopcount
| 120
| 15
| Slow
| Classless
| 30 Seconds
| Full Table
| Yes
| Bellam-Ford
| 224.0.0.9
| UDP port 520
|-
| '''IGRP'''
| Distance Vector
| IGP
| Interior
| Bandwidth/Delay
| 100
| 255 (100 default)
| Slow
| Classful
| 90 seconds
| Full Table
| No
| Bellman-Ford
| 224.0.0.10
| IP Protocol 9
|-
| '''EIGRP'''
| Hybrid (Advanced Distance Vector)
| IGP
| Interior
| Bandwidth/Delay
| 90 (Internal)
170 (External)
| 224 (100 default)
| Very Fast
| Classless
| Only when change occurs
| Only Changes
| Yes
| DUAL
| 224.0.0.10
| IP Protocol port 88
|-
| '''OSPF'''
| Link-state
| IGP
| Interior
| Cost
| 110
| None
| Fast
| Classless
| Only when changes occur (LSA table is refreshed every 30 minutes, however)
| Only Changes
| Yes
| Dijkstra (SPF)
| 224.0.0.5 (All SPF Routers)
224.0.0.6 (DR's and DBR's)
| IP Protocol 89
|-
| '''IS-IS'''
| Link-state
| IGP
| Interior
| Cost
| 115
| None
| Fast
| Classless
| Only when changes occur
| Only changes
| Yes
| Dijkstra (SPF)
| N/A
| N/A
|-
| '''BGP'''
| Path Vector
| EGP
| Exterior
| Multiple Attributes
| 20 (External)
200(Internal)
| EBGP Neighbors: 1 (Default)
IBGP Neighbors: None
| Average
| Yes
| Only when changes occur
| Only changes
| Yes
| Best Path Algorithm
| Unicast
| TCP port 179
|-
|}
** Information condensed from http://www.routeralley.com/ra/docs/routing_protocol_comparison.pdf and http://globalconfig.net/ccna-corner/1147/
[[Image:Network.jpg]]
[[Image:Network.jpg]]


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Router(config-router)#'''default-information originate'''  -  Generates a default route into RIP
Router(config-router)#'''default-information originate'''  -  Generates a default route into RIP
    ** You can verify configurations by running the show commands at the Router# prompt
    ** Show ip protocol, show ip route, show ip interface brief




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Router(config-router)#'''no auto-summary'''  -  Turns the auto summarization feature of EIGRP off
Router(config-router)#'''no auto-summary'''  -  Turns the auto summarization feature of EIGRP off


     ** EIGRP automatically summarizes networks on the classful boundary.
     ** EIGRP automatically summarizes networks on the classful boundary
 
     ** If you have discontigous subnets you could have issues with connectivity if summarization is left on
     ** If you have discontigous subnets you could have issues with connectivity if summarization is left on.
    ** If turned off, it is recommended to use the '''ip summary-address''' command to summarize manually.


    ** If turned off, it is recommended to use the '''ip summary-address''' command to summarize manually.




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Router(config-if)#'''bandwidth 256'''  -  Sets the bandwidth of this interface
Router(config-if)#'''bandwidth 256'''  -  Sets the bandwidth of this interface
    ** You can verify configurations by running the show commands at the Router# prompt
    ** Show ip protocol, show ip route, sshow ip eigrp interfaces, show ip eigrp toploogy, show ip eigrp neighbors
    ** show ip eigrp neighbors detail, show ip eigrp traffic, show ip route eigrp




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Router(config)#'''router ospf 456'''  -  Enables OSPF process. The number "456" is any positive number between 1 and 65, 535.  It is not related to the OSPF area. The process ID is use to distinguish one process from another within the device. These numbers DO NOT have to match the process ID of an other router.
Router(config)#'''router ospf 456'''  -  Enables OSPF process. The number "456" is any positive number between 1 and 65, 535.  It is not related to the OSPF area. The process ID is use to distinguish one process from another within the device. These numbers DO NOT have to match the process ID of an other router.


_________________________________ STOPPED HERE FOR NOW _____________________________________________________
Router(config-router)#'''network''' ''172.10.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0''  - OSPF advertises interfaces, not networks.  It also uses the wildcard mask to determine whch interfaces to advertise.  It is read as "any interface with the address of 172.10.0.0 is to be put in area 0.
 
Router(config-if)#'''ip address x.x.x.x x.x.x.x'''  -  Assigns IP address to interface


Router(config)#'''no router eigrp 100'''  -  Removes EIGRP as a process.
Router(config-router)#'''router-id 10.1.1.1'''''  -  Sets ID to 10.1.1.1 Takes affect at next reload.
 
Router(config-router)#'''no router-id 10..1.1.1'''  -  Removes the static router ID from the configuration. Takes affect at next reload.
 
Router(config)#'''interface S0/0 - Changes interface to be configured


Router(config-router)#'''network''' ''w.x.y.z'' - ''w.x.y.z'' is the directly connected network you want to advertise
Router(config-if)#'''ip ospf priority 50''' -  Changes the OSPF interface priority to 50. The assigned priority can be between 0 and 255. The higher the number the higher the priority.  A 255 guarantees a tie in the election for DR/BDR. Ties are broken by the highest router ID.


Router(config-router)#'''no network w.x.y.z'''  -  Removes advertised network
Router(config)#'''interface s0/0/0'''  -  Changes to interface config mode


Router(config-if)#'''bandwidth ''X'''''  -  Sets the bandwidth of this interface to X kilobits to allow EIGRP to make the best metric calculation
Router(config-if)#'''bandwidth 128'''  -  If changed, OSPF will recalculate the cost of the link.


Router(config-router)#'''network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.3'''  -  Tells which interface or network to include in EIGRP.  Interfaces are configured with addresses that fall within the wildcard mask range of the network statement.
Router(config-if)#'''ip ospf hello-interval timer 20'''  -  Changes the hello interval to 20 seconds


Router(config-router)#'''auto-summary'''  -  Enables auto summarization for the EIGRP process
Router(config-if)#'''ip ospf dead-interval 80'''  -  Changes the dead interval to 80 seconds


Router(config-router)#'''no auto-summary'''  -  Turns the auto summarization feature of EIGRP off
  ** Hello and Dead Timers must match for routers to become neighbors


    ** EIGRP automatically summarizes networks on the classful boundary.
Router(config)#'''ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0.0 s0/0'''  -  Creates a default route


    ** If you have discontigous subnets you could have issues with connectivity if summarization is left on.
Router(config-router)#'''default-information originate'''  -  Sets the default route to be advertised to all OSPF routers


     ** If turned off, it is recommended to use the '''ip summary-address''' command to summarize manually.
     ** You can verify configurations by running the show commands at the Router# prompt
    ** Show ip protocol, show ip route, show ip ospf, show ip ospf interface, show ip ospf border-routers, show ip ospf neighbor
    ** show ip ospf neighbor detail, show ip ospf database, show ip ospf database nssa-external




'''Commands for Troubleshooting'''


Router(config)#'''interface s0/0/0'''  -  Enters interface configuration mode


Router(config-if)#'''bandwidth 256'''  -  Sets the bandwidth of this interface
Router#'''clear ip route *'''  -  Clears entire table forcing it to rebuild


Router#'''clear ip route a.b.c.d'''  -  Clears specific route to network a.b.c.d


'''Commands for Troubleshooting'''
Router#'''clear ip ospf counters''' -  Resets OSPF counters


Router#'''clear ip ospf process'''  -  Clears entire OSPF process forcing it to re-create neighbors, database, and routing table


Router#'''debug eigrp fsm'''  -  Displays events and actions related to EIGRP feasible successor metrics (FSM)
Router#'''debug ip ospf events'''  -  Displays all OSPF events


Router#'''debug eigrp packet'''  -  Displays events and actions related to EIGRP packets
Router#'''debug ip ospf adjacency'''  -  Displays various OSPF states and DR/BDR election between adjacent routers


Router#'''debug eigrp neighbor'''  -  Displays events and actions related to EIGRP neighbors. Also '''debug ip eigrp neighbor'''
Router#'''debug ip ospf packets'''  -  Displays OSPF packets


Router#'''debug eigrp packet''' -  Displays events and actions related to EIGRP packets
  ** ALL INFORMATION PROVIDED ON PAGE IS CONDENSED FROM "CCNA Portable Command Guide", by Scott Empson, cicsopress.com


Router#'''debug ip eigrp notifications'''  - Displays EIGRP event notification
----

Latest revision as of 21:01, 13 October 2011

Template:Delete

Route Protocol Builds Topology Map Router can independently

determine the shortest path to every network

Convergence A periodic/event driven routing updates Use of LSP
Distance Vector No No Slow Generally no no
Link-state Yes Yes Fast Generally yes Yes
    • Information taken from in-class presentation.
Name Class Type Interior/Exterior Default Metric Administrative

Distance

Hop Count Limit Convergance Classful/

Classless

Update Timers Updates VLSM Support Algorithm Update Address Protocol and Port
RIPv1 Distance Vector IGP Interior Hopcount 120 15 Slow Classful 30 Seconds Full Table No Bellman-Ford Broadcast UDP port 520
RIPv2 Distance Vector IGP Interior Hopcount 120 15 Slow Classless 30 Seconds Full Table Yes Bellam-Ford 224.0.0.9 UDP port 520
IGRP Distance Vector IGP Interior Bandwidth/Delay 100 255 (100 default) Slow Classful 90 seconds Full Table No Bellman-Ford 224.0.0.10 IP Protocol 9
EIGRP Hybrid (Advanced Distance Vector) IGP Interior Bandwidth/Delay 90 (Internal)

170 (External)

224 (100 default) Very Fast Classless Only when change occurs Only Changes Yes DUAL 224.0.0.10 IP Protocol port 88
OSPF Link-state IGP Interior Cost 110 None Fast Classless Only when changes occur (LSA table is refreshed every 30 minutes, however) Only Changes Yes Dijkstra (SPF) 224.0.0.5 (All SPF Routers)

224.0.0.6 (DR's and DBR's)

IP Protocol 89
IS-IS Link-state IGP Interior Cost 115 None Fast Classless Only when changes occur Only changes Yes Dijkstra (SPF) N/A N/A
BGP Path Vector EGP Exterior Multiple Attributes 20 (External)

200(Internal)

EBGP Neighbors: 1 (Default)

IBGP Neighbors: None

Average Yes Only when changes occur Only changes Yes Best Path Algorithm Unicast TCP port 179




Network.jpg

Commands for RIP

Router(config)#router rip - Enables RIP as a protocol

Router(config-router)#network w.x.y.z - w.x.y.z is the directly connected network you want to advertise

Router(config)#no router rip - Turns off RIP

Router(config-router)#no network w.x.y.z - Removes network

Router(config-router)#version 2 - Turns on V2 and now RIP will send and receive RIPv2 Packets

Router(config-router)#version 1 - RIP will send and receive RIPv1 Packets

Router(config-router)#no auto-summary - RipV2 summarizes networks at the classful boundary. This command will turns auto summary off

Router(config-router)#passive-interface s/0/0/1 - RIP updates will not be sent out this interface

Router(config-router)#neighbor a.b.c.d - Defines a specific neighbor to exchange information with

Router(config-router)#no ip split-horizon - Turns off split horizon (this is on by default)

Router(config-router)#ip split-horizon - Turns it back on

Router(config-router)#timers basic 30 60 90 180 270 360 - Changes timers in RIP: 30=Update timer, 90=Invalid Timer, 180=Hold down timer, 270= Flush timer, 360=Sleep timer

Router(config-router)#default-information originate - Generates a default route into RIP 


   ** You can verify configurations by running the show commands at the Router# prompt
   ** Show ip protocol, show ip route, show ip interface brief


Commands for Troubleshooting


Router#debug ip rip - Displays all RIP activity in real time

Router#show ip rip database - Displays contents of the RIP database


Commands for EIGRP

Router(config)#router eigrp 100 - Enables EIGRP as a process. The number "100" is an autonomous system number (ASN) which can be any number between 1 and 65,535. All routers in the same system must use the same ASN

Router(config)#no router eigrp 100 - Removes EIGRP as a process.

Router(config-router)#network w.x.y.z - w.x.y.z is the directly connected network you want to advertise

Router(config-router)#no network w.x.y.z - Removes advertised network

Router(config-if)#bandwidth X - Sets the bandwidth of this interface to X kilobits to allow EIGRP to make the best metric calculation

Router(config-router)#network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.3 - Tells which interface or network to include in EIGRP. Interfaces are configured with addresses that fall within the wildcard mask range of the network statement.

Router(config-router)#auto-summary - Enables auto summarization for the EIGRP process

Router(config-router)#no auto-summary - Turns the auto summarization feature of EIGRP off 

   ** EIGRP automatically summarizes networks on the classful boundary
   ** If you have discontigous subnets you could have issues with connectivity if summarization is left on
   ** If turned off, it is recommended to use the ip summary-address command to summarize manually.



Router(config)#interface s0/0/0 - Enters interface configuration mode

Router(config-if)#bandwidth 256 - Sets the bandwidth of this interface 


   ** You can verify configurations by running the show commands at the Router# prompt
   ** Show ip protocol, show ip route, sshow ip eigrp interfaces, show ip eigrp toploogy, show ip eigrp neighbors
   ** show ip eigrp neighbors detail, show ip eigrp traffic, show ip route eigrp


Commands for Troubleshooting


Router#debug eigrp fsm - Displays events and actions related to EIGRP feasible successor metrics (FSM)

Router#debug eigrp packet - Displays events and actions related to EIGRP packets

Router#debug eigrp neighbor - Displays events and actions related to EIGRP neighbors. Also debug ip eigrp neighbor

Router#debug eigrp packet - Displays events and actions related to EIGRP packets

Router#debug ip eigrp notifications - Displays EIGRP event notification


Commands for OSPF

Router(config)#router ospf 456 - Enables OSPF process. The number "456" is any positive number between 1 and 65, 535. It is not related to the OSPF area. The process ID is use to distinguish one process from another within the device. These numbers DO NOT have to match the process ID of an other router.

Router(config-router)#network 172.10.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 - OSPF advertises interfaces, not networks. It also uses the wildcard mask to determine whch interfaces to advertise. It is read as "any interface with the address of 172.10.0.0 is to be put in area 0.

Router(config-if)#ip address x.x.x.x x.x.x.x - Assigns IP address to interface

Router(config-router)#router-id 10.1.1.1 - Sets ID to 10.1.1.1 Takes affect at next reload.

Router(config-router)#no router-id 10..1.1.1 - Removes the static router ID from the configuration. Takes affect at next reload.

Router(config)#interface S0/0 - Changes interface to be configured

Router(config-if)#ip ospf priority 50 - Changes the OSPF interface priority to 50. The assigned priority can be between 0 and 255. The higher the number the higher the priority. A 255 guarantees a tie in the election for DR/BDR. Ties are broken by the highest router ID.

Router(config)#interface s0/0/0 - Changes to interface config mode

Router(config-if)#bandwidth 128 - If changed, OSPF will recalculate the cost of the link.

Router(config-if)#ip ospf hello-interval timer 20 - Changes the hello interval to 20 seconds

Router(config-if)#ip ospf dead-interval 80 - Changes the dead interval to 80 seconds 

 ** Hello and Dead Timers must match for routers to become neighbors

Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0.0 s0/0 - Creates a default route

Router(config-router)#default-information originate - Sets the default route to be advertised to all OSPF routers 

   ** You can verify configurations by running the show commands at the Router# prompt
   ** Show ip protocol, show ip route, show ip ospf, show ip ospf interface, show ip ospf border-routers, show ip ospf neighbor
   ** show ip ospf neighbor detail, show ip ospf database, show ip ospf database nssa-external


Commands for Troubleshooting


Router#clear ip route * - Clears entire table forcing it to rebuild

Router#clear ip route a.b.c.d - Clears specific route to network a.b.c.d

Router#clear ip ospf counters - Resets OSPF counters

Router#clear ip ospf process - Clears entire OSPF process forcing it to re-create neighbors, database, and routing table

Router#debug ip ospf events - Displays all OSPF events

Router#debug ip ospf adjacency - Displays various OSPF states and DR/BDR election between adjacent routers

Router#debug ip ospf packets - Displays OSPF packets 

 **  ALL INFORMATION PROVIDED ON PAGE IS CONDENSED FROM "CCNA Portable Command Guide", by Scott Empson, cicsopress.com
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