https://wiki.ihitc.net/mediawiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Dbliss0921 2026-04-08T21:24:04Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.38.5 https://wiki.ihitc.net/mediawiki/index.php?title=Franske_Completed_Student_Projects&diff=3900 2010-12-16T05:19:39Z

<p>Dbliss0921: /* CNT 2540 */</p> <hr /> <div>==CNT 2540==<br /> * [[Wake On LAN]] - Lue YANG<br /> <br /> ==CNT 2311==<br /> <br /> * [[Linux-command-list]] - Don Bliss</div>

Dbliss0921 https://wiki.ihitc.net/mediawiki/index.php?title=Linux-command-list&diff=3899 2010-12-16T05:11:53Z

<p>Dbliss0921: /* An Alphabetical List of Linux Commands */</p> <hr /> <div>[[File:Linuxcl.jpg]]<br /> <br /> I Hope you find this list helpful, Please add to it as you see fit. Should someone get the urge, I feel a similar page on common linux locations could supplement this page quite well.<br /> <br /> == A ==<br /> ; Anacron<br /> : Similar to Cron, this command runs commands periodically, with a frequency <br /> <br /> specified in days<br /> <br /> ; apt<br /> : short for Advanced Package Tool this utulity is used to manage software <br /> <br /> packages popular in debian distros. This package uses several front ends such as <br /> <br /> aptitude, apt-get, and symantec <br /> <br /> ; aptitude<br /> :This is part of the Apt package. Used to manage software.<br /> <br /> ; arp<br /> : Arp is a networking command. Used to display or manipulate the Linux Kernel's <br /> <br /> IPv4 network neighbour cache. e.g. it relates IP adresses to Mac addresses.<br /> <br /> ; at<br /> :Executes commands at a specified time.<br /> <br /> ; atd<br /> :runs jobs queued by at<br /> <br /> ; atq<br /> : Lists users pending jobs, if the user is the superuser everybodies job's are <br /> <br /> listed.<br /> <br /> ; atrm<br /> :deletes jobs using a job number to specify the job<br /> <br /> == B ==<br /> <br /> ;bash<br /> :bash is the standard linux shell for almost all popular distros. The shell <br /> <br /> interprets all other commands.<br /> <br /> ; batch<br /> : executes commands when load levels permit as specified atd<br /> <br /> ; bzip<br /> :A file compression utility, like gzip, but with better compression<br /> <br /> == C ==<br /> ; cat<br /> :Short for concatenate this program reads files and prints to standard output. <br /> <br /> ; cfdisk<br /> :A hard drive partitioning tool.<br /> <br /> ; chage<br /> :this command allows you to change information related to user passwords. i.e. <br /> <br /> when a password will expire.<br /> <br /> ; chattr<br /> :modifies file permissions in a way similar to chmod.<br /> <br /> ; chkconfig<br /> :manages which services will run in a specified runlevel<br /> <br /> ; chmod<br /> :changes the permissions for one or more files.<br /> <br /> ; chown<br /> :changes the ownership of one or more files both for the user and or the group.<br /> <br /> ; chpasswd <br /> : changes the password for a user.<br /> <br /> ;chroot<br /> : changes the root directory for a program, or for the users shell<br /> <br /> ;cksum<br /> :Runs a CRC checksum for all specified files. Used to verify that a file was not <br /> <br /> altered or corrupted during transfer.<br /> <br /> ;clear<br /> : has the same effect as pressing ctrl and L. This clears your terminal of all <br /> <br /> output.<br /> <br /> ;cp <br /> : This command is used to copy files or directories to another locations.<br /> <br /> ;cpio <br /> : this is an archiving tool similar to tar. intended to copy archive files to <br /> <br /> tape, or disk.<br /> <br /> ;crond<br /> :Executes commands at scheduled times as controlled by crontab<br /> <br /> ;crontab<br /> : at it's most basic level, crontab allows you to edit your crontab file. This is <br /> <br /> the file that controls what commands are set to run at a specific time.<br /> <br /> ;cupsd<br /> : starts the print scheduler.<br /> <br /> ;cut<br /> :allows you to cut information out from the specified files.<br /> <br /> ;cvs<br /> :short for concurrent versions system allows multiple users to change, and <br /> <br /> implement their changes to files concurrently.<br /> <br /> == D ==<br /> <br /> ;date<br /> : Prints the current date and time, this can also be used by administrators to <br /> <br /> change the date and time of the clock. See also hwclock.<br /> <br /> ;dd<br /> : short for data dump this command makes a bit for bit copy of a specified <br /> <br /> location. Though it can be a very powerful tool, this would not be used for <br /> <br /> standard backup, or data manipulation.<br /> <br /> ;df<br /> : Gives the available disk space of all mounted partitions, or on a specified <br /> <br /> mounted partition.<br /> <br /> ;diff<br /> : Used to show the differences between two files.<br /> <br /> ;dig<br /> : Used to lookup DNS servers similar to the deprecated nslookup command.<br /> <br /> ;dir<br /> : The same command as ls, even taking the same arguments. This command may not <br /> <br /> necessarily be part of your distro, but exists for simplicity of people familiar <br /> <br /> with Microsoft command line.<br /> <br /> ;disable<br /> :disables access to a printer.<br /> <br /> ;dmesg<br /> : a powerful troubleshooting command, this command displays the messages from the <br /> <br /> kernel ring buffer meaning the information that flys by while your system is <br /> <br /> booting.<br /> <br /> ;domainname<br /> : used to view or set the computers domain name.<br /> <br /> ;doexec<br /> : executes the specified command with defined options, and arguments.<br /> <br /> ;du<br /> : prints current disk usage for the specified location.<br /> <br /> ;dosfsck<br /> :similar to fsck, but used for dos filesystems. This command attempts to <br /> <br /> diagnose, and fix common filesystem errors.<br /> <br /> ;dump<br /> : this is a backup utility available for specific linux filesystems that can <br /> <br /> perform incremental backups after an initial full backup.<br /> <br /> == E ==<br /> <br /> ;e2fsck<br /> :similar to fsck or dosfsck, this command is used to diagnose and attempt repairs <br /> <br /> to a file system. Used for ext2 and ext3 systems.<br /> <br /> ;echo<br /> : prints input as standard output. Also can be used to view environmental <br /> <br /> variables.<br /> <br /> ;edquota<br /> : allows you to edit filesystem quotas.<br /> <br /> ;egrep<br /> : searches for lines that contain an extended regular expression.<br /> <br /> ;enable<br /> : enables printers.<br /> <br /> ;env<br /> :displays all environment variables this command can also be uses to change <br /> <br /> environment variables .<br /> <br /> ;expand<br /> : Converts tabs in files to defined number of spaces. <br /> <br /> == F ==<br /> <br /> ;factor<br /> : displays the prime number of specified number.<br /> <br /> ;false<br /> :This command returns an unsuccesful status. Peticularily useful in scripts.<br /> <br /> ;fdisk<br /> :used to view, and edit partitions, and to change active partitions.<br /> <br /> ;fetchmail<br /> : gets email from mailservers, and forwards it to the local system<br /> <br /> ;fgrep<br /> : a variant of the grep command, this command searches for information that <br /> <br /> matches the user defined input. This command is faster than grep, but may not be <br /> <br /> as powerful.<br /> <br /> ;file<br /> : gives information about the type of data the specified file contains.<br /> <br /> ;find<br /> : A search utility for linux that can search by a number of different types of <br /> <br /> data. e.g. name, type, or size.<br /> <br /> ;finger<br /> : gives information about specified users<br /> <br /> ;fmt<br /> : a command that can help unify formatting of text.<br /> <br /> ;fold<br /> : breaks the lines of a file. ie. you can format a text file to only be a set <br /> <br /> number of characters, bytes, or columns.<br /> <br /> ;free <br /> : gives information about current RAM, and swap space usage.<br /> <br /> ;fsck<br /> : checks and repairs damaged filesystems.<br /> <br /> == G ==<br /> <br /> ;gpasswd<br /> : changes specified group password.<br /> <br /> ;gpg<br /> : Stands for Gnu Privacy Guard. This command allows encryption and decryption of <br /> <br /> data.<br /> <br /> ;grep<br /> : This utility can be used to search for text within a file. When piped with <br /> <br /> other commands it is very powerful.<br /> <br /> ;groupadd<br /> : Creates new groups<br /> <br /> ;groupdel<br /> : deletes groups from the system<br /> <br /> ;groupmod<br /> : Modifies group information<br /> <br /> ;groups<br /> : Shows the groups to which a user belongs<br /> <br /> ;gs<br /> : Stands for GhostScript. This command is used to interpret Adobe's PostScript <br /> <br /> and PDF filetypes.<br /> <br /> ;gunzip<br /> : Used to unzip files compressed with gzip<br /> <br /> ;gzexe<br /> :used to compress executable files.<br /> <br /> ;gzip<br /> : used to compress files.<br /> <br /> == H ==<br /> <br /> ;halt<br /> :Turns of the computer.<br /> <br /> ;head<br /> : Prints the first several lines of specified files. <br /> <br /> ;host<br /> : Gives information about hosts, or zones contained in DNS<br /> <br /> ;hostname<br /> : sets or displays the current name of the host system.<br /> <br /> ;hwclock<br /> :views or changes the hardware clock. See also date command.<br /> <br /> == I ==<br /> <br /> ;iconv<br /> : converts files to a different character encoding<br /> <br /> ;id<br /> : displays information about specified user<br /> <br /> ;ifconfig<br /> : view, assigns or configures network interfaces and their addresses along with <br /> <br /> other information.<br /> <br /> ;inetd<br /> : A linux superserver for internet services.<br /> <br /> ;info<br /> : an interactive screen which can give information about many linux commands, <br /> <br /> directories, and other valuable linux information.<br /> <br /> ;init<br /> : Command used to initialize the system, and change runlevels.<br /> <br /> ;insmod<br /> : loads the specified file into the kernel. Not as robust as modprobe.<br /> <br /> ;iptables<br /> : can be used to specify IP rules, and potentially build a firewall.<br /> <br /> == J ==<br /> <br /> ;join<br /> : joins information in files to matching fields such as a line number.<br /> <br /> == K ==<br /> <br /> ;kernelversion<br /> : gives information about the kernel you are using<br /> <br /> ;kill<br /> : terminates process ids or PIDs<br /> <br /> ;Killall<br /> : kills all processes related to specified command name.<br /> <br /> ;klogd<br /> : allows you to specifiy what kernel messages are displayed, and prioritize them.<br /> <br /> == L ==<br /> <br /> ;last<br /> : Displays a list of the most recent logins.<br /> <br /> ;lastlog<br /> : display the last login times for system accounts<br /> <br /> ;less<br /> : pages files or output, is much more robust than the more command. less is more.<br /> <br /> ;lftp<br /> : A file transfer program that can use ftp, http, ftps, and https protocols.<br /> <br /> ;ln<br /> : Creates hard or soft links to files.<br /> <br /> ;locale<br /> : Displays current locale settings.<br /> <br /> ;locate<br /> : searches a database of file names. database is updated by updatedb command.<br /> <br /> ;logger<br /> : Adds information to the system log.<br /> <br /> ;login<br /> : Logs into the system<br /> <br /> ;logrotate<br /> :used to rotate, and otherwise manipulate log files.<br /> <br /> ;lpq<br /> : checks for the status of print jobs.<br /> <br /> ;lpr<br /> : sends files to be printed.<br /> <br /> ;lprm<br /> : allows for the cancelling of print jobs.<br /> <br /> ;ls<br /> : lists the specified directory.<br /> <br /> ;lspci<br /> :lists attached PCI devices<br /> <br /> ;lsof<br /> : Lists open files and information about the open files.<br /> <br /> ;lsmod<br /> : Lists loaded modules.<br /> <br /> ;lsusb<br /> : lists USB devices.<br /> <br /> == M ==<br /> <br /> ;mail<br /> : a command used for reading and sending mail to other users.<br /> <br /> ;mailq<br /> : shows messages currently in the mail queue<br /> <br /> ;man<br /> : shows the help manual for specified command<br /> <br /> ;mkdir<br /> : creates directories.<br /> <br /> ;modinfo<br /> : gives information about the specified module<br /> <br /> ;modprobe<br /> : attempts to load a module, as well as all modules original module depends on.<br /> <br /> ;more<br /> : pages files or other input<br /> <br /> ;mount<br /> : tries to mount the specified drive.<br /> <br /> ;mv<br /> Used to move, or rename files or directories.<br /> <br /> == N ==<br /> <br /> ;netstat<br /> : a command used to give information on active ports, and other network <br /> <br /> information<br /> <br /> ;newgrp<br /> : changes users default group.<br /> <br /> ;nice<br /> : allows for the priority of a command to be raised or lowered<br /> <br /> ;nslookup<br /> : looks up domain nameservers. Has been replaced with dig and host commands.<br /> <br /> == O ==<br /> <br /> == P ==<br /> <br /> ;passwd<br /> : allows the creation or changin of a password associated with a user<br /> <br /> ;paste<br /> : merges lines of files into tab-separated columns<br /> <br /> ;pidof<br /> : Show the process IDs of the requested program<br /> <br /> ;ping<br /> :used to test network connectivity. displays basic information on requested ip <br /> <br /> address, and response times.<br /> <br /> ;pr<br /> : prepares a text file for a printer friendly format.<br /> <br /> ;ps<br /> :shows information about running processes.<br /> <br /> ;pwd<br /> :Prints the entire path of the current working directory.<br /> <br /> == Q ==<br /> <br /> ;quota<br /> : displays information on specified user and group disk quotas.<br /> <br /> ;quotacheck<br /> : checks and corrects disk quota information. Usually ran at startup<br /> <br /> ;quotaon<br /> : turns on the disk quota requirements.<br /> <br /> ;quotaoff<br /> : turns of the disk quota requirements.<br /> <br /> ;quotastats<br /> : displays disk quota information<br /> <br /> == R ==<br /> <br /> ;reboot<br /> : reboots the system.<br /> <br /> ;reject<br /> : tells printing system to reject specified destinations<br /> <br /> ;renice<br /> :changes the priority of already running processes<br /> <br /> ;repquota<br /> : creates a report for diskusage and quotas on the specified disk.<br /> <br /> ;reset<br /> : essentially the same as hitting the reset button, but this command is limited <br /> <br /> to the terminal<br /> <br /> ;restore<br /> : restores backup files from a dump. See also dump.<br /> <br /> ;rm<br /> : deletes files, and if passed the correct option, directories also.<br /> <br /> ;rmdir<br /> : deletes directories, but not not the files they might contain.<br /> <br /> ;rmmod<br /> :uninstalls modules from the kernel, generally you would want to use modprobe <br /> <br /> instead.<br /> <br /> ;route<br /> : allows the addition or deletion of entries in the routing tables.<br /> <br /> ;rpm<br /> : the red hat package manager. Used to install, upgrade, and uninstall packages.<br /> <br /> ;rsync<br /> : used to transfer files, typically accross a newtork.<br /> <br /> ;runlevel<br /> : displays runlevel information<br /> <br /> == S ==<br /> <br /> ;scp<br /> : used to securely transfer files.<br /> <br /> ;sed<br /> : Sed is a stream editor used to make basic changes to an input stream.<br /> <br /> ;seq<br /> : this command is used to print one incremental number per line to standard <br /> <br /> output.<br /> <br /> ;setquota<br /> : used to set a diskquota<br /> <br /> ;sftp<br /> : a secure file trasfer protocol that can be used via command line.<br /> <br /> ;sh<br /> : the standard unix shell.<br /> <br /> ;shred<br /> : securely overwrites, and deletes files.<br /> <br /> ;shutdown<br /> : used to shutdown the computer. Can be set to shutdown in a certain amount of <br /> <br /> time, or at a certain time.<br /> <br /> ;size<br /> : shows the six of a file<br /> <br /> ;sleep<br /> : defines a period of time the computer shou wait before processing another <br /> <br /> command<br /> <br /> ;ssh<br /> : Used to logon securely to another server, and run commands.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-add<br /> : Adds identities the the authentication agent.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-agent<br /> : Used to hold private key for use with public key authentication<br /> <br /> ;ssh-keygen<br /> : Used to generate and manage authentication keys for SSH.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-keyscan<br /> : uses to gather public and private keys from other hosts.<br /> <br /> ;stat<br /> : displays file or system status<br /> <br /> ; su<br /> : Switches User, if no user is given attempts to become superuser.<br /> <br /> ;sudo<br /> : Gives access to execute command as another user<br /> <br /> ;sum<br /> : creates a checksum for the specified file<br /> <br /> ;swapoff<br /> :disables devices for swapping<br /> <br /> ;swapon<br /> :enables devices for swapping<br /> <br /> == T == <br /> <br /> ;tail<br /> : Displays the last 10 lines of requested files<br /> <br /> ;talk<br /> : a basic chat program <br /> <br /> ;tar<br /> :This command stands for tape archiving. It is used to copy or restore files from <br /> <br /> tape or disk<br /> <br /> ;tcpd<br /> : command to monitor incoming requests for specific services<br /> <br /> ;tcpdump<br /> : this command allows you to dump tcpip information to a medium to be examined.<br /> <br /> ;telnet<br /> : allows logging into another system remotely, and executing commands<br /> <br /> ;tftp<br /> : allows users to transfer files to and from remote machines.<br /> <br /> ;top<br /> : top provides information about the most cpu intensive processes running.<br /> <br /> ;touch<br /> :creates files, and or can update access and modification times of a file.<br /> <br /> ;tr<br /> : stands for translates character, and does just that, translating the characters <br /> <br /> you specify into another set of characters you specify.<br /> <br /> ;tracepath<br /> : traces the path to the specified host. Not as robust as traceroute<br /> <br /> ;traceroute<br /> : traces path to specified host.<br /> <br /> ;true<br /> : a command that returns a successful status.<br /> <br /> == U ==<br /> <br /> ;umount<br /> :unmount the specified filesystem<br /> <br /> ;uname<br /> : displays information about the machine and operating system<br /> <br /> ;uptime<br /> : prints information about the current sessions.<br /> <br /> ;useradd<br /> : creates new user accounts.<br /> <br /> ;userdel<br /> :deletes specified ser accounts<br /> <br /> ;usermod<br /> : allows for modification of user accounts.<br /> <br /> == V ==<br /> <br /> ;vi<br /> : a text editor<br /> <br /> ;vmstat<br /> : gives information on virtual memory<br /> <br /> == W ==<br /> <br /> ;w<br /> : gives information on currently logged in users, and their activities.<br /> <br /> ;warnquota<br /> : used to set the why and who of to email when a user reaches their soft quota <br /> <br /> limit.<br /> <br /> ;wget<br /> : used for basic file downloading over the web<br /> <br /> ;whatis<br /> : A way to search for linux commands from the command prompts.<br /> <br /> ;whereis<br /> :locates the source and manual pages for linux commands and files.<br /> <br /> ;which<br /> : lists the pathnames of the files that would be executed if the specified <br /> <br /> command had been run.<br /> <br /> ;who<br /> : shows who is logged into the system<br /> <br /> ;whois<br /> : searches whois for information on a domain name, or IP<br /> <br /> ;write<br /> : a way to initiate or respond to an interactive conversation with another user<br /> <br /> == X ==<br /> <br /> ;xargs<br /> : builds and execute command lines from standard input.<br /> <br /> ;xinetd<br /> : A linux Superserver that listens to tcpip requests on behalf of other programs.<br /> <br /> == Y == <br /> <br /> ;yes<br /> : repeatedly outputs a line with specified strings, or just a y if unspecified. <br /> <br /> Used mostly in scripts.<br /> <br /> == Z ==</div>

Dbliss0921 https://wiki.ihitc.net/mediawiki/index.php?title=Linux-command-list&diff=3898 2010-12-16T05:11:03Z

<p>Dbliss0921: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:Linuxcl.jpg]]<br /> <br /> I Hope you find this list helpful, Please add to it as you see fit. Should someone get the urge, I feel a similar page on common linux locations could supplement this page quite well.<br /> <br /> = An Alphabetical List of Linux Commands =<br /> <br /> <br /> == A ==<br /> ; Anacron<br /> : Similar to Cron, this command runs commands periodically, with a frequency <br /> <br /> specified in days<br /> <br /> ; apt<br /> : short for Advanced Package Tool this utulity is used to manage software <br /> <br /> packages popular in debian distros. This package uses several front ends such as <br /> <br /> aptitude, apt-get, and symantec <br /> <br /> ; aptitude<br /> :This is part of the Apt package. Used to manage software.<br /> <br /> ; arp<br /> : Arp is a networking command. Used to display or manipulate the Linux Kernel's <br /> <br /> IPv4 network neighbour cache. e.g. it relates IP adresses to Mac addresses.<br /> <br /> ; at<br /> :Executes commands at a specified time.<br /> <br /> ; atd<br /> :runs jobs queued by at<br /> <br /> ; atq<br /> : Lists users pending jobs, if the user is the superuser everybodies job's are <br /> <br /> listed.<br /> <br /> ; atrm<br /> :deletes jobs using a job number to specify the job<br /> <br /> == B ==<br /> <br /> ;bash<br /> :bash is the standard linux shell for almost all popular distros. The shell <br /> <br /> interprets all other commands.<br /> <br /> ; batch<br /> : executes commands when load levels permit as specified atd<br /> <br /> ; bzip<br /> :A file compression utility, like gzip, but with better compression<br /> <br /> == C ==<br /> ; cat<br /> :Short for concatenate this program reads files and prints to standard output. <br /> <br /> ; cfdisk<br /> :A hard drive partitioning tool.<br /> <br /> ; chage<br /> :this command allows you to change information related to user passwords. i.e. <br /> <br /> when a password will expire.<br /> <br /> ; chattr<br /> :modifies file permissions in a way similar to chmod.<br /> <br /> ; chkconfig<br /> :manages which services will run in a specified runlevel<br /> <br /> ; chmod<br /> :changes the permissions for one or more files.<br /> <br /> ; chown<br /> :changes the ownership of one or more files both for the user and or the group.<br /> <br /> ; chpasswd <br /> : changes the password for a user.<br /> <br /> ;chroot<br /> : changes the root directory for a program, or for the users shell<br /> <br /> ;cksum<br /> :Runs a CRC checksum for all specified files. Used to verify that a file was not <br /> <br /> altered or corrupted during transfer.<br /> <br /> ;clear<br /> : has the same effect as pressing ctrl and L. This clears your terminal of all <br /> <br /> output.<br /> <br /> ;cp <br /> : This command is used to copy files or directories to another locations.<br /> <br /> ;cpio <br /> : this is an archiving tool similar to tar. intended to copy archive files to <br /> <br /> tape, or disk.<br /> <br /> ;crond<br /> :Executes commands at scheduled times as controlled by crontab<br /> <br /> ;crontab<br /> : at it's most basic level, crontab allows you to edit your crontab file. This is <br /> <br /> the file that controls what commands are set to run at a specific time.<br /> <br /> ;cupsd<br /> : starts the print scheduler.<br /> <br /> ;cut<br /> :allows you to cut information out from the specified files.<br /> <br /> ;cvs<br /> :short for concurrent versions system allows multiple users to change, and <br /> <br /> implement their changes to files concurrently.<br /> <br /> == D ==<br /> <br /> ;date<br /> : Prints the current date and time, this can also be used by administrators to <br /> <br /> change the date and time of the clock. See also hwclock.<br /> <br /> ;dd<br /> : short for data dump this command makes a bit for bit copy of a specified <br /> <br /> location. Though it can be a very powerful tool, this would not be used for <br /> <br /> standard backup, or data manipulation.<br /> <br /> ;df<br /> : Gives the available disk space of all mounted partitions, or on a specified <br /> <br /> mounted partition.<br /> <br /> ;diff<br /> : Used to show the differences between two files.<br /> <br /> ;dig<br /> : Used to lookup DNS servers similar to the deprecated nslookup command.<br /> <br /> ;dir<br /> : The same command as ls, even taking the same arguments. This command may not <br /> <br /> necessarily be part of your distro, but exists for simplicity of people familiar <br /> <br /> with Microsoft command line.<br /> <br /> ;disable<br /> :disables access to a printer.<br /> <br /> ;dmesg<br /> : a powerful troubleshooting command, this command displays the messages from the <br /> <br /> kernel ring buffer meaning the information that flys by while your system is <br /> <br /> booting.<br /> <br /> ;domainname<br /> : used to view or set the computers domain name.<br /> <br /> ;doexec<br /> : executes the specified command with defined options, and arguments.<br /> <br /> ;du<br /> : prints current disk usage for the specified location.<br /> <br /> ;dosfsck<br /> :similar to fsck, but used for dos filesystems. This command attempts to <br /> <br /> diagnose, and fix common filesystem errors.<br /> <br /> ;dump<br /> : this is a backup utility available for specific linux filesystems that can <br /> <br /> perform incremental backups after an initial full backup.<br /> <br /> == E ==<br /> <br /> ;e2fsck<br /> :similar to fsck or dosfsck, this command is used to diagnose and attempt repairs <br /> <br /> to a file system. Used for ext2 and ext3 systems.<br /> <br /> ;echo<br /> : prints input as standard output. Also can be used to view environmental <br /> <br /> variables.<br /> <br /> ;edquota<br /> : allows you to edit filesystem quotas.<br /> <br /> ;egrep<br /> : searches for lines that contain an extended regular expression.<br /> <br /> ;enable<br /> : enables printers.<br /> <br /> ;env<br /> :displays all environment variables this command can also be uses to change <br /> <br /> environment variables .<br /> <br /> ;expand<br /> : Converts tabs in files to defined number of spaces. <br /> <br /> == F ==<br /> <br /> ;factor<br /> : displays the prime number of specified number.<br /> <br /> ;false<br /> :This command returns an unsuccesful status. Peticularily useful in scripts.<br /> <br /> ;fdisk<br /> :used to view, and edit partitions, and to change active partitions.<br /> <br /> ;fetchmail<br /> : gets email from mailservers, and forwards it to the local system<br /> <br /> ;fgrep<br /> : a variant of the grep command, this command searches for information that <br /> <br /> matches the user defined input. This command is faster than grep, but may not be <br /> <br /> as powerful.<br /> <br /> ;file<br /> : gives information about the type of data the specified file contains.<br /> <br /> ;find<br /> : A search utility for linux that can search by a number of different types of <br /> <br /> data. e.g. name, type, or size.<br /> <br /> ;finger<br /> : gives information about specified users<br /> <br /> ;fmt<br /> : a command that can help unify formatting of text.<br /> <br /> ;fold<br /> : breaks the lines of a file. ie. you can format a text file to only be a set <br /> <br /> number of characters, bytes, or columns.<br /> <br /> ;free <br /> : gives information about current RAM, and swap space usage.<br /> <br /> ;fsck<br /> : checks and repairs damaged filesystems.<br /> <br /> == G ==<br /> <br /> ;gpasswd<br /> : changes specified group password.<br /> <br /> ;gpg<br /> : Stands for Gnu Privacy Guard. This command allows encryption and decryption of <br /> <br /> data.<br /> <br /> ;grep<br /> : This utility can be used to search for text within a file. When piped with <br /> <br /> other commands it is very powerful.<br /> <br /> ;groupadd<br /> : Creates new groups<br /> <br /> ;groupdel<br /> : deletes groups from the system<br /> <br /> ;groupmod<br /> : Modifies group information<br /> <br /> ;groups<br /> : Shows the groups to which a user belongs<br /> <br /> ;gs<br /> : Stands for GhostScript. This command is used to interpret Adobe's PostScript <br /> <br /> and PDF filetypes.<br /> <br /> ;gunzip<br /> : Used to unzip files compressed with gzip<br /> <br /> ;gzexe<br /> :used to compress executable files.<br /> <br /> ;gzip<br /> : used to compress files.<br /> <br /> == H ==<br /> <br /> ;halt<br /> :Turns of the computer.<br /> <br /> ;head<br /> : Prints the first several lines of specified files. <br /> <br /> ;host<br /> : Gives information about hosts, or zones contained in DNS<br /> <br /> ;hostname<br /> : sets or displays the current name of the host system.<br /> <br /> ;hwclock<br /> :views or changes the hardware clock. See also date command.<br /> <br /> == I ==<br /> <br /> ;iconv<br /> : converts files to a different character encoding<br /> <br /> ;id<br /> : displays information about specified user<br /> <br /> ;ifconfig<br /> : view, assigns or configures network interfaces and their addresses along with <br /> <br /> other information.<br /> <br /> ;inetd<br /> : A linux superserver for internet services.<br /> <br /> ;info<br /> : an interactive screen which can give information about many linux commands, <br /> <br /> directories, and other valuable linux information.<br /> <br /> ;init<br /> : Command used to initialize the system, and change runlevels.<br /> <br /> ;insmod<br /> : loads the specified file into the kernel. Not as robust as modprobe.<br /> <br /> ;iptables<br /> : can be used to specify IP rules, and potentially build a firewall.<br /> <br /> == J ==<br /> <br /> ;join<br /> : joins information in files to matching fields such as a line number.<br /> <br /> == K ==<br /> <br /> ;kernelversion<br /> : gives information about the kernel you are using<br /> <br /> ;kill<br /> : terminates process ids or PIDs<br /> <br /> ;Killall<br /> : kills all processes related to specified command name.<br /> <br /> ;klogd<br /> : allows you to specifiy what kernel messages are displayed, and prioritize them.<br /> <br /> == L ==<br /> <br /> ;last<br /> : Displays a list of the most recent logins.<br /> <br /> ;lastlog<br /> : display the last login times for system accounts<br /> <br /> ;less<br /> : pages files or output, is much more robust than the more command. less is more.<br /> <br /> ;lftp<br /> : A file transfer program that can use ftp, http, ftps, and https protocols.<br /> <br /> ;ln<br /> : Creates hard or soft links to files.<br /> <br /> ;locale<br /> : Displays current locale settings.<br /> <br /> ;locate<br /> : searches a database of file names. database is updated by updatedb command.<br /> <br /> ;logger<br /> : Adds information to the system log.<br /> <br /> ;login<br /> : Logs into the system<br /> <br /> ;logrotate<br /> :used to rotate, and otherwise manipulate log files.<br /> <br /> ;lpq<br /> : checks for the status of print jobs.<br /> <br /> ;lpr<br /> : sends files to be printed.<br /> <br /> ;lprm<br /> : allows for the cancelling of print jobs.<br /> <br /> ;ls<br /> : lists the specified directory.<br /> <br /> ;lspci<br /> :lists attached PCI devices<br /> <br /> ;lsof<br /> : Lists open files and information about the open files.<br /> <br /> ;lsmod<br /> : Lists loaded modules.<br /> <br /> ;lsusb<br /> : lists USB devices.<br /> <br /> == M ==<br /> <br /> ;mail<br /> : a command used for reading and sending mail to other users.<br /> <br /> ;mailq<br /> : shows messages currently in the mail queue<br /> <br /> ;man<br /> : shows the help manual for specified command<br /> <br /> ;mkdir<br /> : creates directories.<br /> <br /> ;modinfo<br /> : gives information about the specified module<br /> <br /> ;modprobe<br /> : attempts to load a module, as well as all modules original module depends on.<br /> <br /> ;more<br /> : pages files or other input<br /> <br /> ;mount<br /> : tries to mount the specified drive.<br /> <br /> ;mv<br /> Used to move, or rename files or directories.<br /> <br /> == N ==<br /> <br /> ;netstat<br /> : a command used to give information on active ports, and other network <br /> <br /> information<br /> <br /> ;newgrp<br /> : changes users default group.<br /> <br /> ;nice<br /> : allows for the priority of a command to be raised or lowered<br /> <br /> ;nslookup<br /> : looks up domain nameservers. Has been replaced with dig and host commands.<br /> <br /> == O ==<br /> <br /> == P ==<br /> <br /> ;passwd<br /> : allows the creation or changin of a password associated with a user<br /> <br /> ;paste<br /> : merges lines of files into tab-separated columns<br /> <br /> ;pidof<br /> : Show the process IDs of the requested program<br /> <br /> ;ping<br /> :used to test network connectivity. displays basic information on requested ip <br /> <br /> address, and response times.<br /> <br /> ;pr<br /> : prepares a text file for a printer friendly format.<br /> <br /> ;ps<br /> :shows information about running processes.<br /> <br /> ;pwd<br /> :Prints the entire path of the current working directory.<br /> <br /> == Q ==<br /> <br /> ;quota<br /> : displays information on specified user and group disk quotas.<br /> <br /> ;quotacheck<br /> : checks and corrects disk quota information. Usually ran at startup<br /> <br /> ;quotaon<br /> : turns on the disk quota requirements.<br /> <br /> ;quotaoff<br /> : turns of the disk quota requirements.<br /> <br /> ;quotastats<br /> : displays disk quota information<br /> <br /> == R ==<br /> <br /> ;reboot<br /> : reboots the system.<br /> <br /> ;reject<br /> : tells printing system to reject specified destinations<br /> <br /> ;renice<br /> :changes the priority of already running processes<br /> <br /> ;repquota<br /> : creates a report for diskusage and quotas on the specified disk.<br /> <br /> ;reset<br /> : essentially the same as hitting the reset button, but this command is limited <br /> <br /> to the terminal<br /> <br /> ;restore<br /> : restores backup files from a dump. See also dump.<br /> <br /> ;rm<br /> : deletes files, and if passed the correct option, directories also.<br /> <br /> ;rmdir<br /> : deletes directories, but not not the files they might contain.<br /> <br /> ;rmmod<br /> :uninstalls modules from the kernel, generally you would want to use modprobe <br /> <br /> instead.<br /> <br /> ;route<br /> : allows the addition or deletion of entries in the routing tables.<br /> <br /> ;rpm<br /> : the red hat package manager. Used to install, upgrade, and uninstall packages.<br /> <br /> ;rsync<br /> : used to transfer files, typically accross a newtork.<br /> <br /> ;runlevel<br /> : displays runlevel information<br /> <br /> == S ==<br /> <br /> ;scp<br /> : used to securely transfer files.<br /> <br /> ;sed<br /> : Sed is a stream editor used to make basic changes to an input stream.<br /> <br /> ;seq<br /> : this command is used to print one incremental number per line to standard <br /> <br /> output.<br /> <br /> ;setquota<br /> : used to set a diskquota<br /> <br /> ;sftp<br /> : a secure file trasfer protocol that can be used via command line.<br /> <br /> ;sh<br /> : the standard unix shell.<br /> <br /> ;shred<br /> : securely overwrites, and deletes files.<br /> <br /> ;shutdown<br /> : used to shutdown the computer. Can be set to shutdown in a certain amount of <br /> <br /> time, or at a certain time.<br /> <br /> ;size<br /> : shows the six of a file<br /> <br /> ;sleep<br /> : defines a period of time the computer shou wait before processing another <br /> <br /> command<br /> <br /> ;ssh<br /> : Used to logon securely to another server, and run commands.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-add<br /> : Adds identities the the authentication agent.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-agent<br /> : Used to hold private key for use with public key authentication<br /> <br /> ;ssh-keygen<br /> : Used to generate and manage authentication keys for SSH.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-keyscan<br /> : uses to gather public and private keys from other hosts.<br /> <br /> ;stat<br /> : displays file or system status<br /> <br /> ; su<br /> : Switches User, if no user is given attempts to become superuser.<br /> <br /> ;sudo<br /> : Gives access to execute command as another user<br /> <br /> ;sum<br /> : creates a checksum for the specified file<br /> <br /> ;swapoff<br /> :disables devices for swapping<br /> <br /> ;swapon<br /> :enables devices for swapping<br /> <br /> == T == <br /> <br /> ;tail<br /> : Displays the last 10 lines of requested files<br /> <br /> ;talk<br /> : a basic chat program <br /> <br /> ;tar<br /> :This command stands for tape archiving. It is used to copy or restore files from <br /> <br /> tape or disk<br /> <br /> ;tcpd<br /> : command to monitor incoming requests for specific services<br /> <br /> ;tcpdump<br /> : this command allows you to dump tcpip information to a medium to be examined.<br /> <br /> ;telnet<br /> : allows logging into another system remotely, and executing commands<br /> <br /> ;tftp<br /> : allows users to transfer files to and from remote machines.<br /> <br /> ;top<br /> : top provides information about the most cpu intensive processes running.<br /> <br /> ;touch<br /> :creates files, and or can update access and modification times of a file.<br /> <br /> ;tr<br /> : stands for translates character, and does just that, translating the characters <br /> <br /> you specify into another set of characters you specify.<br /> <br /> ;tracepath<br /> : traces the path to the specified host. Not as robust as traceroute<br /> <br /> ;traceroute<br /> : traces path to specified host.<br /> <br /> ;true<br /> : a command that returns a successful status.<br /> <br /> == U ==<br /> <br /> ;umount<br /> :unmount the specified filesystem<br /> <br /> ;uname<br /> : displays information about the machine and operating system<br /> <br /> ;uptime<br /> : prints information about the current sessions.<br /> <br /> ;useradd<br /> : creates new user accounts.<br /> <br /> ;userdel<br /> :deletes specified ser accounts<br /> <br /> ;usermod<br /> : allows for modification of user accounts.<br /> <br /> == V ==<br /> <br /> ;vi<br /> : a text editor<br /> <br /> ;vmstat<br /> : gives information on virtual memory<br /> <br /> == W ==<br /> <br /> ;w<br /> : gives information on currently logged in users, and their activities.<br /> <br /> ;warnquota<br /> : used to set the why and who of to email when a user reaches their soft quota <br /> <br /> limit.<br /> <br /> ;wget<br /> : used for basic file downloading over the web<br /> <br /> ;whatis<br /> : A way to search for linux commands from the command prompts.<br /> <br /> ;whereis<br /> :locates the source and manual pages for linux commands and files.<br /> <br /> ;which<br /> : lists the pathnames of the files that would be executed if the specified <br /> <br /> command had been run.<br /> <br /> ;who<br /> : shows who is logged into the system<br /> <br /> ;whois<br /> : searches whois for information on a domain name, or IP<br /> <br /> ;write<br /> : a way to initiate or respond to an interactive conversation with another user<br /> <br /> == X ==<br /> <br /> ;xargs<br /> : builds and execute command lines from standard input.<br /> <br /> ;xinetd<br /> : A linux Superserver that listens to tcpip requests on behalf of other programs.<br /> <br /> == Y == <br /> <br /> ;yes<br /> : repeatedly outputs a line with specified strings, or just a y if unspecified. <br /> <br /> Used mostly in scripts.<br /> <br /> == Z ==</div>

Dbliss0921 https://wiki.ihitc.net/mediawiki/index.php?title=Linux-command-list&diff=3897 2010-12-16T05:08:40Z

<p>Dbliss0921: </p> <hr /> <div>[[File:Linuxcl.jpg]]<br /> <br /> = An Alphabetical List of Linux Commands =<br /> <br /> == A ==<br /> ; Anacron<br /> : Similar to Cron, this command runs commands periodically, with a frequency <br /> <br /> specified in days<br /> <br /> ; apt<br /> : short for Advanced Package Tool this utulity is used to manage software <br /> <br /> packages popular in debian distros. This package uses several front ends such as <br /> <br /> aptitude, apt-get, and symantec <br /> <br /> ; aptitude<br /> :This is part of the Apt package. Used to manage software.<br /> <br /> ; arp<br /> : Arp is a networking command. Used to display or manipulate the Linux Kernel's <br /> <br /> IPv4 network neighbour cache. e.g. it relates IP adresses to Mac addresses.<br /> <br /> ; at<br /> :Executes commands at a specified time.<br /> <br /> ; atd<br /> :runs jobs queued by at<br /> <br /> ; atq<br /> : Lists users pending jobs, if the user is the superuser everybodies job's are <br /> <br /> listed.<br /> <br /> ; atrm<br /> :deletes jobs using a job number to specify the job<br /> <br /> == B ==<br /> <br /> ;bash<br /> :bash is the standard linux shell for almost all popular distros. The shell <br /> <br /> interprets all other commands.<br /> <br /> ; batch<br /> : executes commands when load levels permit as specified atd<br /> <br /> ; bzip<br /> :A file compression utility, like gzip, but with better compression<br /> <br /> == C ==<br /> ; cat<br /> :Short for concatenate this program reads files and prints to standard output. <br /> <br /> ; cfdisk<br /> :A hard drive partitioning tool.<br /> <br /> ; chage<br /> :this command allows you to change information related to user passwords. i.e. <br /> <br /> when a password will expire.<br /> <br /> ; chattr<br /> :modifies file permissions in a way similar to chmod.<br /> <br /> ; chkconfig<br /> :manages which services will run in a specified runlevel<br /> <br /> ; chmod<br /> :changes the permissions for one or more files.<br /> <br /> ; chown<br /> :changes the ownership of one or more files both for the user and or the group.<br /> <br /> ; chpasswd <br /> : changes the password for a user.<br /> <br /> ;chroot<br /> : changes the root directory for a program, or for the users shell<br /> <br /> ;cksum<br /> :Runs a CRC checksum for all specified files. Used to verify that a file was not <br /> <br /> altered or corrupted during transfer.<br /> <br /> ;clear<br /> : has the same effect as pressing ctrl and L. This clears your terminal of all <br /> <br /> output.<br /> <br /> ;cp <br /> : This command is used to copy files or directories to another locations.<br /> <br /> ;cpio <br /> : this is an archiving tool similar to tar. intended to copy archive files to <br /> <br /> tape, or disk.<br /> <br /> ;crond<br /> :Executes commands at scheduled times as controlled by crontab<br /> <br /> ;crontab<br /> : at it's most basic level, crontab allows you to edit your crontab file. This is <br /> <br /> the file that controls what commands are set to run at a specific time.<br /> <br /> ;cupsd<br /> : starts the print scheduler.<br /> <br /> ;cut<br /> :allows you to cut information out from the specified files.<br /> <br /> ;cvs<br /> :short for concurrent versions system allows multiple users to change, and <br /> <br /> implement their changes to files concurrently.<br /> <br /> == D ==<br /> <br /> ;date<br /> : Prints the current date and time, this can also be used by administrators to <br /> <br /> change the date and time of the clock. See also hwclock.<br /> <br /> ;dd<br /> : short for data dump this command makes a bit for bit copy of a specified <br /> <br /> location. Though it can be a very powerful tool, this would not be used for <br /> <br /> standard backup, or data manipulation.<br /> <br /> ;df<br /> : Gives the available disk space of all mounted partitions, or on a specified <br /> <br /> mounted partition.<br /> <br /> ;diff<br /> : Used to show the differences between two files.<br /> <br /> ;dig<br /> : Used to lookup DNS servers similar to the deprecated nslookup command.<br /> <br /> ;dir<br /> : The same command as ls, even taking the same arguments. This command may not <br /> <br /> necessarily be part of your distro, but exists for simplicity of people familiar <br /> <br /> with Microsoft command line.<br /> <br /> ;disable<br /> :disables access to a printer.<br /> <br /> ;dmesg<br /> : a powerful troubleshooting command, this command displays the messages from the <br /> <br /> kernel ring buffer meaning the information that flys by while your system is <br /> <br /> booting.<br /> <br /> ;domainname<br /> : used to view or set the computers domain name.<br /> <br /> ;doexec<br /> : executes the specified command with defined options, and arguments.<br /> <br /> ;du<br /> : prints current disk usage for the specified location.<br /> <br /> ;dosfsck<br /> :similar to fsck, but used for dos filesystems. This command attempts to <br /> <br /> diagnose, and fix common filesystem errors.<br /> <br /> ;dump<br /> : this is a backup utility available for specific linux filesystems that can <br /> <br /> perform incremental backups after an initial full backup.<br /> <br /> == E ==<br /> <br /> ;e2fsck<br /> :similar to fsck or dosfsck, this command is used to diagnose and attempt repairs <br /> <br /> to a file system. Used for ext2 and ext3 systems.<br /> <br /> ;echo<br /> : prints input as standard output. Also can be used to view environmental <br /> <br /> variables.<br /> <br /> ;edquota<br /> : allows you to edit filesystem quotas.<br /> <br /> ;egrep<br /> : searches for lines that contain an extended regular expression.<br /> <br /> ;enable<br /> : enables printers.<br /> <br /> ;env<br /> :displays all environment variables this command can also be uses to change <br /> <br /> environment variables .<br /> <br /> ;expand<br /> : Converts tabs in files to defined number of spaces. <br /> <br /> == F ==<br /> <br /> ;factor<br /> : displays the prime number of specified number.<br /> <br /> ;false<br /> :This command returns an unsuccesful status. Peticularily useful in scripts.<br /> <br /> ;fdisk<br /> :used to view, and edit partitions, and to change active partitions.<br /> <br /> ;fetchmail<br /> : gets email from mailservers, and forwards it to the local system<br /> <br /> ;fgrep<br /> : a variant of the grep command, this command searches for information that <br /> <br /> matches the user defined input. This command is faster than grep, but may not be <br /> <br /> as powerful.<br /> <br /> ;file<br /> : gives information about the type of data the specified file contains.<br /> <br /> ;find<br /> : A search utility for linux that can search by a number of different types of <br /> <br /> data. e.g. name, type, or size.<br /> <br /> ;finger<br /> : gives information about specified users<br /> <br /> ;fmt<br /> : a command that can help unify formatting of text.<br /> <br /> ;fold<br /> : breaks the lines of a file. ie. you can format a text file to only be a set <br /> <br /> number of characters, bytes, or columns.<br /> <br /> ;free <br /> : gives information about current RAM, and swap space usage.<br /> <br /> ;fsck<br /> : checks and repairs damaged filesystems.<br /> <br /> == G ==<br /> <br /> ;gpasswd<br /> : changes specified group password.<br /> <br /> ;gpg<br /> : Stands for Gnu Privacy Guard. This command allows encryption and decryption of <br /> <br /> data.<br /> <br /> ;grep<br /> : This utility can be used to search for text within a file. When piped with <br /> <br /> other commands it is very powerful.<br /> <br /> ;groupadd<br /> : Creates new groups<br /> <br /> ;groupdel<br /> : deletes groups from the system<br /> <br /> ;groupmod<br /> : Modifies group information<br /> <br /> ;groups<br /> : Shows the groups to which a user belongs<br /> <br /> ;gs<br /> : Stands for GhostScript. This command is used to interpret Adobe's PostScript <br /> <br /> and PDF filetypes.<br /> <br /> ;gunzip<br /> : Used to unzip files compressed with gzip<br /> <br /> ;gzexe<br /> :used to compress executable files.<br /> <br /> ;gzip<br /> : used to compress files.<br /> <br /> == H ==<br /> <br /> ;halt<br /> :Turns of the computer.<br /> <br /> ;head<br /> : Prints the first several lines of specified files. <br /> <br /> ;host<br /> : Gives information about hosts, or zones contained in DNS<br /> <br /> ;hostname<br /> : sets or displays the current name of the host system.<br /> <br /> ;hwclock<br /> :views or changes the hardware clock. See also date command.<br /> <br /> == I ==<br /> <br /> ;iconv<br /> : converts files to a different character encoding<br /> <br /> ;id<br /> : displays information about specified user<br /> <br /> ;ifconfig<br /> : view, assigns or configures network interfaces and their addresses along with <br /> <br /> other information.<br /> <br /> ;inetd<br /> : A linux superserver for internet services.<br /> <br /> ;info<br /> : an interactive screen which can give information about many linux commands, <br /> <br /> directories, and other valuable linux information.<br /> <br /> ;init<br /> : Command used to initialize the system, and change runlevels.<br /> <br /> ;insmod<br /> : loads the specified file into the kernel. Not as robust as modprobe.<br /> <br /> ;iptables<br /> : can be used to specify IP rules, and potentially build a firewall.<br /> <br /> == J ==<br /> <br /> ;join<br /> : joins information in files to matching fields such as a line number.<br /> <br /> == K ==<br /> <br /> ;kernelversion<br /> : gives information about the kernel you are using<br /> <br /> ;kill<br /> : terminates process ids or PIDs<br /> <br /> ;Killall<br /> : kills all processes related to specified command name.<br /> <br /> ;klogd<br /> : allows you to specifiy what kernel messages are displayed, and prioritize them.<br /> <br /> == L ==<br /> <br /> ;last<br /> : Displays a list of the most recent logins.<br /> <br /> ;lastlog<br /> : display the last login times for system accounts<br /> <br /> ;less<br /> : pages files or output, is much more robust than the more command. less is more.<br /> <br /> ;lftp<br /> : A file transfer program that can use ftp, http, ftps, and https protocols.<br /> <br /> ;ln<br /> : Creates hard or soft links to files.<br /> <br /> ;locale<br /> : Displays current locale settings.<br /> <br /> ;locate<br /> : searches a database of file names. database is updated by updatedb command.<br /> <br /> ;logger<br /> : Adds information to the system log.<br /> <br /> ;login<br /> : Logs into the system<br /> <br /> ;logrotate<br /> :used to rotate, and otherwise manipulate log files.<br /> <br /> ;lpq<br /> : checks for the status of print jobs.<br /> <br /> ;lpr<br /> : sends files to be printed.<br /> <br /> ;lprm<br /> : allows for the cancelling of print jobs.<br /> <br /> ;ls<br /> : lists the specified directory.<br /> <br /> ;lspci<br /> :lists attached PCI devices<br /> <br /> ;lsof<br /> : Lists open files and information about the open files.<br /> <br /> ;lsmod<br /> : Lists loaded modules.<br /> <br /> ;lsusb<br /> : lists USB devices.<br /> <br /> == M ==<br /> <br /> ;mail<br /> : a command used for reading and sending mail to other users.<br /> <br /> ;mailq<br /> : shows messages currently in the mail queue<br /> <br /> ;man<br /> : shows the help manual for specified command<br /> <br /> ;mkdir<br /> : creates directories.<br /> <br /> ;modinfo<br /> : gives information about the specified module<br /> <br /> ;modprobe<br /> : attempts to load a module, as well as all modules original module depends on.<br /> <br /> ;more<br /> : pages files or other input<br /> <br /> ;mount<br /> : tries to mount the specified drive.<br /> <br /> ;mv<br /> Used to move, or rename files or directories.<br /> <br /> == N ==<br /> <br /> ;netstat<br /> : a command used to give information on active ports, and other network <br /> <br /> information<br /> <br /> ;newgrp<br /> : changes users default group.<br /> <br /> ;nice<br /> : allows for the priority of a command to be raised or lowered<br /> <br /> ;nslookup<br /> : looks up domain nameservers. Has been replaced with dig and host commands.<br /> <br /> == O ==<br /> <br /> == P ==<br /> <br /> ;passwd<br /> : allows the creation or changin of a password associated with a user<br /> <br /> ;paste<br /> : merges lines of files into tab-separated columns<br /> <br /> ;pidof<br /> : Show the process IDs of the requested program<br /> <br /> ;ping<br /> :used to test network connectivity. displays basic information on requested ip <br /> <br /> address, and response times.<br /> <br /> ;pr<br /> : prepares a text file for a printer friendly format.<br /> <br /> ;ps<br /> :shows information about running processes.<br /> <br /> ;pwd<br /> :Prints the entire path of the current working directory.<br /> <br /> == Q ==<br /> <br /> ;quota<br /> : displays information on specified user and group disk quotas.<br /> <br /> ;quotacheck<br /> : checks and corrects disk quota information. Usually ran at startup<br /> <br /> ;quotaon<br /> : turns on the disk quota requirements.<br /> <br /> ;quotaoff<br /> : turns of the disk quota requirements.<br /> <br /> ;quotastats<br /> : displays disk quota information<br /> <br /> == R ==<br /> <br /> ;reboot<br /> : reboots the system.<br /> <br /> ;reject<br /> : tells printing system to reject specified destinations<br /> <br /> ;renice<br /> :changes the priority of already running processes<br /> <br /> ;repquota<br /> : creates a report for diskusage and quotas on the specified disk.<br /> <br /> ;reset<br /> : essentially the same as hitting the reset button, but this command is limited <br /> <br /> to the terminal<br /> <br /> ;restore<br /> : restores backup files from a dump. See also dump.<br /> <br /> ;rm<br /> : deletes files, and if passed the correct option, directories also.<br /> <br /> ;rmdir<br /> : deletes directories, but not not the files they might contain.<br /> <br /> ;rmmod<br /> :uninstalls modules from the kernel, generally you would want to use modprobe <br /> <br /> instead.<br /> <br /> ;route<br /> : allows the addition or deletion of entries in the routing tables.<br /> <br /> ;rpm<br /> : the red hat package manager. Used to install, upgrade, and uninstall packages.<br /> <br /> ;rsync<br /> : used to transfer files, typically accross a newtork.<br /> <br /> ;runlevel<br /> : displays runlevel information<br /> <br /> == S ==<br /> <br /> ;scp<br /> : used to securely transfer files.<br /> <br /> ;sed<br /> : Sed is a stream editor used to make basic changes to an input stream.<br /> <br /> ;seq<br /> : this command is used to print one incremental number per line to standard <br /> <br /> output.<br /> <br /> ;setquota<br /> : used to set a diskquota<br /> <br /> ;sftp<br /> : a secure file trasfer protocol that can be used via command line.<br /> <br /> ;sh<br /> : the standard unix shell.<br /> <br /> ;shred<br /> : securely overwrites, and deletes files.<br /> <br /> ;shutdown<br /> : used to shutdown the computer. Can be set to shutdown in a certain amount of <br /> <br /> time, or at a certain time.<br /> <br /> ;size<br /> : shows the six of a file<br /> <br /> ;sleep<br /> : defines a period of time the computer shou wait before processing another <br /> <br /> command<br /> <br /> ;ssh<br /> : Used to logon securely to another server, and run commands.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-add<br /> : Adds identities the the authentication agent.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-agent<br /> : Used to hold private key for use with public key authentication<br /> <br /> ;ssh-keygen<br /> : Used to generate and manage authentication keys for SSH.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-keyscan<br /> : uses to gather public and private keys from other hosts.<br /> <br /> ;stat<br /> : displays file or system status<br /> <br /> ; su<br /> : Switches User, if no user is given attempts to become superuser.<br /> <br /> ;sudo<br /> : Gives access to execute command as another user<br /> <br /> ;sum<br /> : creates a checksum for the specified file<br /> <br /> ;swapoff<br /> :disables devices for swapping<br /> <br /> ;swapon<br /> :enables devices for swapping<br /> <br /> == T == <br /> <br /> ;tail<br /> : Displays the last 10 lines of requested files<br /> <br /> ;talk<br /> : a basic chat program <br /> <br /> ;tar<br /> :This command stands for tape archiving. It is used to copy or restore files from <br /> <br /> tape or disk<br /> <br /> ;tcpd<br /> : command to monitor incoming requests for specific services<br /> <br /> ;tcpdump<br /> : this command allows you to dump tcpip information to a medium to be examined.<br /> <br /> ;telnet<br /> : allows logging into another system remotely, and executing commands<br /> <br /> ;tftp<br /> : allows users to transfer files to and from remote machines.<br /> <br /> ;top<br /> : top provides information about the most cpu intensive processes running.<br /> <br /> ;touch<br /> :creates files, and or can update access and modification times of a file.<br /> <br /> ;tr<br /> : stands for translates character, and does just that, translating the characters <br /> <br /> you specify into another set of characters you specify.<br /> <br /> ;tracepath<br /> : traces the path to the specified host. Not as robust as traceroute<br /> <br /> ;traceroute<br /> : traces path to specified host.<br /> <br /> ;true<br /> : a command that returns a successful status.<br /> <br /> == U ==<br /> <br /> ;umount<br /> :unmount the specified filesystem<br /> <br /> ;uname<br /> : displays information about the machine and operating system<br /> <br /> ;uptime<br /> : prints information about the current sessions.<br /> <br /> ;useradd<br /> : creates new user accounts.<br /> <br /> ;userdel<br /> :deletes specified ser accounts<br /> <br /> ;usermod<br /> : allows for modification of user accounts.<br /> <br /> == V ==<br /> <br /> ;vi<br /> : a text editor<br /> <br /> ;vmstat<br /> : gives information on virtual memory<br /> <br /> == W ==<br /> <br /> ;w<br /> : gives information on currently logged in users, and their activities.<br /> <br /> ;warnquota<br /> : used to set the why and who of to email when a user reaches their soft quota <br /> <br /> limit.<br /> <br /> ;wget<br /> : used for basic file downloading over the web<br /> <br /> ;whatis<br /> : A way to search for linux commands from the command prompts.<br /> <br /> ;whereis<br /> :locates the source and manual pages for linux commands and files.<br /> <br /> ;which<br /> : lists the pathnames of the files that would be executed if the specified <br /> <br /> command had been run.<br /> <br /> ;who<br /> : shows who is logged into the system<br /> <br /> ;whois<br /> : searches whois for information on a domain name, or IP<br /> <br /> ;write<br /> : a way to initiate or respond to an interactive conversation with another user<br /> <br /> == X ==<br /> <br /> ;xargs<br /> : builds and execute command lines from standard input.<br /> <br /> ;xinetd<br /> : A linux Superserver that listens to tcpip requests on behalf of other programs.<br /> <br /> == Y == <br /> <br /> ;yes<br /> : repeatedly outputs a line with specified strings, or just a y if unspecified. <br /> <br /> Used mostly in scripts.<br /> <br /> == Z ==</div>

Dbliss0921 https://wiki.ihitc.net/mediawiki/index.php?title=File:Linuxcl.jpg&diff=3896 2010-12-16T05:06:08Z

<p>Dbliss0921: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

Dbliss0921 https://wiki.ihitc.net/mediawiki/index.php?title=Linux-command-list&diff=3895 2010-12-16T05:05:23Z

<p>Dbliss0921: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> <br /> <br /> = An Alphabetical List of Linux Commands =<br /> <br /> == A ==<br /> ; Anacron<br /> : Similar to Cron, this command runs commands periodically, with a frequency <br /> <br /> specified in days<br /> <br /> ; apt<br /> : short for Advanced Package Tool this utulity is used to manage software <br /> <br /> packages popular in debian distros. This package uses several front ends such as <br /> <br /> aptitude, apt-get, and symantec <br /> <br /> ; aptitude<br /> :This is part of the Apt package. Used to manage software.<br /> <br /> ; arp<br /> : Arp is a networking command. Used to display or manipulate the Linux Kernel's <br /> <br /> IPv4 network neighbour cache. e.g. it relates IP adresses to Mac addresses.<br /> <br /> ; at<br /> :Executes commands at a specified time.<br /> <br /> ; atd<br /> :runs jobs queued by at<br /> <br /> ; atq<br /> : Lists users pending jobs, if the user is the superuser everybodies job's are <br /> <br /> listed.<br /> <br /> ; atrm<br /> :deletes jobs using a job number to specify the job<br /> <br /> == B ==<br /> <br /> ;bash<br /> :bash is the standard linux shell for almost all popular distros. The shell <br /> <br /> interprets all other commands.<br /> <br /> ; batch<br /> : executes commands when load levels permit as specified atd<br /> <br /> ; bzip<br /> :A file compression utility, like gzip, but with better compression<br /> <br /> == C ==<br /> ; cat<br /> :Short for concatenate this program reads files and prints to standard output. <br /> <br /> ; cfdisk<br /> :A hard drive partitioning tool.<br /> <br /> ; chage<br /> :this command allows you to change information related to user passwords. i.e. <br /> <br /> when a password will expire.<br /> <br /> ; chattr<br /> :modifies file permissions in a way similar to chmod.<br /> <br /> ; chkconfig<br /> :manages which services will run in a specified runlevel<br /> <br /> ; chmod<br /> :changes the permissions for one or more files.<br /> <br /> ; chown<br /> :changes the ownership of one or more files both for the user and or the group.<br /> <br /> ; chpasswd <br /> : changes the password for a user.<br /> <br /> ;chroot<br /> : changes the root directory for a program, or for the users shell<br /> <br /> ;cksum<br /> :Runs a CRC checksum for all specified files. Used to verify that a file was not <br /> <br /> altered or corrupted during transfer.<br /> <br /> ;clear<br /> : has the same effect as pressing ctrl and L. This clears your terminal of all <br /> <br /> output.<br /> <br /> ;cp <br /> : This command is used to copy files or directories to another locations.<br /> <br /> ;cpio <br /> : this is an archiving tool similar to tar. intended to copy archive files to <br /> <br /> tape, or disk.<br /> <br /> ;crond<br /> :Executes commands at scheduled times as controlled by crontab<br /> <br /> ;crontab<br /> : at it's most basic level, crontab allows you to edit your crontab file. This is <br /> <br /> the file that controls what commands are set to run at a specific time.<br /> <br /> ;cupsd<br /> : starts the print scheduler.<br /> <br /> ;cut<br /> :allows you to cut information out from the specified files.<br /> <br /> ;cvs<br /> :short for concurrent versions system allows multiple users to change, and <br /> <br /> implement their changes to files concurrently.<br /> <br /> == D ==<br /> <br /> ;date<br /> : Prints the current date and time, this can also be used by administrators to <br /> <br /> change the date and time of the clock. See also hwclock.<br /> <br /> ;dd<br /> : short for data dump this command makes a bit for bit copy of a specified <br /> <br /> location. Though it can be a very powerful tool, this would not be used for <br /> <br /> standard backup, or data manipulation.<br /> <br /> ;df<br /> : Gives the available disk space of all mounted partitions, or on a specified <br /> <br /> mounted partition.<br /> <br /> ;diff<br /> : Used to show the differences between two files.<br /> <br /> ;dig<br /> : Used to lookup DNS servers similar to the deprecated nslookup command.<br /> <br /> ;dir<br /> : The same command as ls, even taking the same arguments. This command may not <br /> <br /> necessarily be part of your distro, but exists for simplicity of people familiar <br /> <br /> with Microsoft command line.<br /> <br /> ;disable<br /> :disables access to a printer.<br /> <br /> ;dmesg<br /> : a powerful troubleshooting command, this command displays the messages from the <br /> <br /> kernel ring buffer meaning the information that flys by while your system is <br /> <br /> booting.<br /> <br /> ;domainname<br /> : used to view or set the computers domain name.<br /> <br /> ;doexec<br /> : executes the specified command with defined options, and arguments.<br /> <br /> ;du<br /> : prints current disk usage for the specified location.<br /> <br /> ;dosfsck<br /> :similar to fsck, but used for dos filesystems. This command attempts to <br /> <br /> diagnose, and fix common filesystem errors.<br /> <br /> ;dump<br /> : this is a backup utility available for specific linux filesystems that can <br /> <br /> perform incremental backups after an initial full backup.<br /> <br /> == E ==<br /> <br /> ;e2fsck<br /> :similar to fsck or dosfsck, this command is used to diagnose and attempt repairs <br /> <br /> to a file system. Used for ext2 and ext3 systems.<br /> <br /> ;echo<br /> : prints input as standard output. Also can be used to view environmental <br /> <br /> variables.<br /> <br /> ;edquota<br /> : allows you to edit filesystem quotas.<br /> <br /> ;egrep<br /> : searches for lines that contain an extended regular expression.<br /> <br /> ;enable<br /> : enables printers.<br /> <br /> ;env<br /> :displays all environment variables this command can also be uses to change <br /> <br /> environment variables .<br /> <br /> ;expand<br /> : Converts tabs in files to defined number of spaces. <br /> <br /> == F ==<br /> <br /> ;factor<br /> : displays the prime number of specified number.<br /> <br /> ;false<br /> :This command returns an unsuccesful status. Peticularily useful in scripts.<br /> <br /> ;fdisk<br /> :used to view, and edit partitions, and to change active partitions.<br /> <br /> ;fetchmail<br /> : gets email from mailservers, and forwards it to the local system<br /> <br /> ;fgrep<br /> : a variant of the grep command, this command searches for information that <br /> <br /> matches the user defined input. This command is faster than grep, but may not be <br /> <br /> as powerful.<br /> <br /> ;file<br /> : gives information about the type of data the specified file contains.<br /> <br /> ;find<br /> : A search utility for linux that can search by a number of different types of <br /> <br /> data. e.g. name, type, or size.<br /> <br /> ;finger<br /> : gives information about specified users<br /> <br /> ;fmt<br /> : a command that can help unify formatting of text.<br /> <br /> ;fold<br /> : breaks the lines of a file. ie. you can format a text file to only be a set <br /> <br /> number of characters, bytes, or columns.<br /> <br /> ;free <br /> : gives information about current RAM, and swap space usage.<br /> <br /> ;fsck<br /> : checks and repairs damaged filesystems.<br /> <br /> == G ==<br /> <br /> ;gpasswd<br /> : changes specified group password.<br /> <br /> ;gpg<br /> : Stands for Gnu Privacy Guard. This command allows encryption and decryption of <br /> <br /> data.<br /> <br /> ;grep<br /> : This utility can be used to search for text within a file. When piped with <br /> <br /> other commands it is very powerful.<br /> <br /> ;groupadd<br /> : Creates new groups<br /> <br /> ;groupdel<br /> : deletes groups from the system<br /> <br /> ;groupmod<br /> : Modifies group information<br /> <br /> ;groups<br /> : Shows the groups to which a user belongs<br /> <br /> ;gs<br /> : Stands for GhostScript. This command is used to interpret Adobe's PostScript <br /> <br /> and PDF filetypes.<br /> <br /> ;gunzip<br /> : Used to unzip files compressed with gzip<br /> <br /> ;gzexe<br /> :used to compress executable files.<br /> <br /> ;gzip<br /> : used to compress files.<br /> <br /> == H ==<br /> <br /> ;halt<br /> :Turns of the computer.<br /> <br /> ;head<br /> : Prints the first several lines of specified files. <br /> <br /> ;host<br /> : Gives information about hosts, or zones contained in DNS<br /> <br /> ;hostname<br /> : sets or displays the current name of the host system.<br /> <br /> ;hwclock<br /> :views or changes the hardware clock. See also date command.<br /> <br /> == I ==<br /> <br /> ;iconv<br /> : converts files to a different character encoding<br /> <br /> ;id<br /> : displays information about specified user<br /> <br /> ;ifconfig<br /> : view, assigns or configures network interfaces and their addresses along with <br /> <br /> other information.<br /> <br /> ;inetd<br /> : A linux superserver for internet services.<br /> <br /> ;info<br /> : an interactive screen which can give information about many linux commands, <br /> <br /> directories, and other valuable linux information.<br /> <br /> ;init<br /> : Command used to initialize the system, and change runlevels.<br /> <br /> ;insmod<br /> : loads the specified file into the kernel. Not as robust as modprobe.<br /> <br /> ;iptables<br /> : can be used to specify IP rules, and potentially build a firewall.<br /> <br /> == J ==<br /> <br /> ;join<br /> : joins information in files to matching fields such as a line number.<br /> <br /> == K ==<br /> <br /> ;kernelversion<br /> : gives information about the kernel you are using<br /> <br /> ;kill<br /> : terminates process ids or PIDs<br /> <br /> ;Killall<br /> : kills all processes related to specified command name.<br /> <br /> ;klogd<br /> : allows you to specifiy what kernel messages are displayed, and prioritize them.<br /> <br /> == L ==<br /> <br /> ;last<br /> : Displays a list of the most recent logins.<br /> <br /> ;lastlog<br /> : display the last login times for system accounts<br /> <br /> ;less<br /> : pages files or output, is much more robust than the more command. less is more.<br /> <br /> ;lftp<br /> : A file transfer program that can use ftp, http, ftps, and https protocols.<br /> <br /> ;ln<br /> : Creates hard or soft links to files.<br /> <br /> ;locale<br /> : Displays current locale settings.<br /> <br /> ;locate<br /> : searches a database of file names. database is updated by updatedb command.<br /> <br /> ;logger<br /> : Adds information to the system log.<br /> <br /> ;login<br /> : Logs into the system<br /> <br /> ;logrotate<br /> :used to rotate, and otherwise manipulate log files.<br /> <br /> ;lpq<br /> : checks for the status of print jobs.<br /> <br /> ;lpr<br /> : sends files to be printed.<br /> <br /> ;lprm<br /> : allows for the cancelling of print jobs.<br /> <br /> ;ls<br /> : lists the specified directory.<br /> <br /> ;lspci<br /> :lists attached PCI devices<br /> <br /> ;lsof<br /> : Lists open files and information about the open files.<br /> <br /> ;lsmod<br /> : Lists loaded modules.<br /> <br /> ;lsusb<br /> : lists USB devices.<br /> <br /> == M ==<br /> <br /> ;mail<br /> : a command used for reading and sending mail to other users.<br /> <br /> ;mailq<br /> : shows messages currently in the mail queue<br /> <br /> ;man<br /> : shows the help manual for specified command<br /> <br /> ;mkdir<br /> : creates directories.<br /> <br /> ;modinfo<br /> : gives information about the specified module<br /> <br /> ;modprobe<br /> : attempts to load a module, as well as all modules original module depends on.<br /> <br /> ;more<br /> : pages files or other input<br /> <br /> ;mount<br /> : tries to mount the specified drive.<br /> <br /> ;mv<br /> Used to move, or rename files or directories.<br /> <br /> == N ==<br /> <br /> ;netstat<br /> : a command used to give information on active ports, and other network <br /> <br /> information<br /> <br /> ;newgrp<br /> : changes users default group.<br /> <br /> ;nice<br /> : allows for the priority of a command to be raised or lowered<br /> <br /> ;nslookup<br /> : looks up domain nameservers. Has been replaced with dig and host commands.<br /> <br /> == O ==<br /> <br /> == P ==<br /> <br /> ;passwd<br /> : allows the creation or changin of a password associated with a user<br /> <br /> ;paste<br /> : merges lines of files into tab-separated columns<br /> <br /> ;pidof<br /> : Show the process IDs of the requested program<br /> <br /> ;ping<br /> :used to test network connectivity. displays basic information on requested ip <br /> <br /> address, and response times.<br /> <br /> ;pr<br /> : prepares a text file for a printer friendly format.<br /> <br /> ;ps<br /> :shows information about running processes.<br /> <br /> ;pwd<br /> :Prints the entire path of the current working directory.<br /> <br /> == Q ==<br /> <br /> ;quota<br /> : displays information on specified user and group disk quotas.<br /> <br /> ;quotacheck<br /> : checks and corrects disk quota information. Usually ran at startup<br /> <br /> ;quotaon<br /> : turns on the disk quota requirements.<br /> <br /> ;quotaoff<br /> : turns of the disk quota requirements.<br /> <br /> ;quotastats<br /> : displays disk quota information<br /> <br /> == R ==<br /> <br /> ;reboot<br /> : reboots the system.<br /> <br /> ;reject<br /> : tells printing system to reject specified destinations<br /> <br /> ;renice<br /> :changes the priority of already running processes<br /> <br /> ;repquota<br /> : creates a report for diskusage and quotas on the specified disk.<br /> <br /> ;reset<br /> : essentially the same as hitting the reset button, but this command is limited <br /> <br /> to the terminal<br /> <br /> ;restore<br /> : restores backup files from a dump. See also dump.<br /> <br /> ;rm<br /> : deletes files, and if passed the correct option, directories also.<br /> <br /> ;rmdir<br /> : deletes directories, but not not the files they might contain.<br /> <br /> ;rmmod<br /> :uninstalls modules from the kernel, generally you would want to use modprobe <br /> <br /> instead.<br /> <br /> ;route<br /> : allows the addition or deletion of entries in the routing tables.<br /> <br /> ;rpm<br /> : the red hat package manager. Used to install, upgrade, and uninstall packages.<br /> <br /> ;rsync<br /> : used to transfer files, typically accross a newtork.<br /> <br /> ;runlevel<br /> : displays runlevel information<br /> <br /> == S ==<br /> <br /> ;scp<br /> : used to securely transfer files.<br /> <br /> ;sed<br /> : Sed is a stream editor used to make basic changes to an input stream.<br /> <br /> ;seq<br /> : this command is used to print one incremental number per line to standard <br /> <br /> output.<br /> <br /> ;setquota<br /> : used to set a diskquota<br /> <br /> ;sftp<br /> : a secure file trasfer protocol that can be used via command line.<br /> <br /> ;sh<br /> : the standard unix shell.<br /> <br /> ;shred<br /> : securely overwrites, and deletes files.<br /> <br /> ;shutdown<br /> : used to shutdown the computer. Can be set to shutdown in a certain amount of <br /> <br /> time, or at a certain time.<br /> <br /> ;size<br /> : shows the six of a file<br /> <br /> ;sleep<br /> : defines a period of time the computer shou wait before processing another <br /> <br /> command<br /> <br /> ;ssh<br /> : Used to logon securely to another server, and run commands.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-add<br /> : Adds identities the the authentication agent.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-agent<br /> : Used to hold private key for use with public key authentication<br /> <br /> ;ssh-keygen<br /> : Used to generate and manage authentication keys for SSH.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-keyscan<br /> : uses to gather public and private keys from other hosts.<br /> <br /> ;stat<br /> : displays file or system status<br /> <br /> ; su<br /> : Switches User, if no user is given attempts to become superuser.<br /> <br /> ;sudo<br /> : Gives access to execute command as another user<br /> <br /> ;sum<br /> : creates a checksum for the specified file<br /> <br /> ;swapoff<br /> :disables devices for swapping<br /> <br /> ;swapon<br /> :enables devices for swapping<br /> <br /> == T == <br /> <br /> ;tail<br /> : Displays the last 10 lines of requested files<br /> <br /> ;talk<br /> : a basic chat program <br /> <br /> ;tar<br /> :This command stands for tape archiving. It is used to copy or restore files from <br /> <br /> tape or disk<br /> <br /> ;tcpd<br /> : command to monitor incoming requests for specific services<br /> <br /> ;tcpdump<br /> : this command allows you to dump tcpip information to a medium to be examined.<br /> <br /> ;telnet<br /> : allows logging into another system remotely, and executing commands<br /> <br /> ;tftp<br /> : allows users to transfer files to and from remote machines.<br /> <br /> ;top<br /> : top provides information about the most cpu intensive processes running.<br /> <br /> ;touch<br /> :creates files, and or can update access and modification times of a file.<br /> <br /> ;tr<br /> : stands for translates character, and does just that, translating the characters <br /> <br /> you specify into another set of characters you specify.<br /> <br /> ;tracepath<br /> : traces the path to the specified host. Not as robust as traceroute<br /> <br /> ;traceroute<br /> : traces path to specified host.<br /> <br /> ;true<br /> : a command that returns a successful status.<br /> <br /> == U ==<br /> <br /> ;umount<br /> :unmount the specified filesystem<br /> <br /> ;uname<br /> : displays information about the machine and operating system<br /> <br /> ;uptime<br /> : prints information about the current sessions.<br /> <br /> ;useradd<br /> : creates new user accounts.<br /> <br /> ;userdel<br /> :deletes specified ser accounts<br /> <br /> ;usermod<br /> : allows for modification of user accounts.<br /> <br /> == V ==<br /> <br /> ;vi<br /> : a text editor<br /> <br /> ;vmstat<br /> : gives information on virtual memory<br /> <br /> == W ==<br /> <br /> ;w<br /> : gives information on currently logged in users, and their activities.<br /> <br /> ;warnquota<br /> : used to set the why and who of to email when a user reaches their soft quota <br /> <br /> limit.<br /> <br /> ;wget<br /> : used for basic file downloading over the web<br /> <br /> ;whatis<br /> : A way to search for linux commands from the command prompts.<br /> <br /> ;whereis<br /> :locates the source and manual pages for linux commands and files.<br /> <br /> ;which<br /> : lists the pathnames of the files that would be executed if the specified <br /> <br /> command had been run.<br /> <br /> ;who<br /> : shows who is logged into the system<br /> <br /> ;whois<br /> : searches whois for information on a domain name, or IP<br /> <br /> ;write<br /> : a way to initiate or respond to an interactive conversation with another user<br /> <br /> == X ==<br /> <br /> ;xargs<br /> : builds and execute command lines from standard input.<br /> <br /> ;xinetd<br /> : A linux Superserver that listens to tcpip requests on behalf of other programs.<br /> <br /> == Y == <br /> <br /> ;yes<br /> : repeatedly outputs a line with specified strings, or just a y if unspecified. <br /> <br /> Used mostly in scripts.<br /> <br /> == Z ==</div>

Dbliss0921 https://wiki.ihitc.net/mediawiki/index.php?title=Linux-command-list&diff=3894 2010-12-16T04:59:52Z

<p>Dbliss0921: Created page with &#039;= An Alphabetical List of Linux Commands = == A == ; Anacron : Similar to Cron, this command runs commands periodically, with a frequency specified in days ; apt : short for …&#039;</p> <hr /> <div>= An Alphabetical List of Linux Commands =<br /> <br /> == A ==<br /> ; Anacron<br /> : Similar to Cron, this command runs commands periodically, with a frequency <br /> <br /> specified in days<br /> <br /> ; apt<br /> : short for Advanced Package Tool this utulity is used to manage software <br /> <br /> packages popular in debian distros. This package uses several front ends such as <br /> <br /> aptitude, apt-get, and symantec <br /> <br /> ; aptitude<br /> :This is part of the Apt package. Used to manage software.<br /> <br /> ; arp<br /> : Arp is a networking command. Used to display or manipulate the Linux Kernel's <br /> <br /> IPv4 network neighbour cache. e.g. it relates IP adresses to Mac addresses.<br /> <br /> ; at<br /> :Executes commands at a specified time.<br /> <br /> ; atd<br /> :runs jobs queued by at<br /> <br /> ; atq<br /> : Lists users pending jobs, if the user is the superuser everybodies job's are <br /> <br /> listed.<br /> <br /> ; atrm<br /> :deletes jobs using a job number to specify the job<br /> <br /> == B ==<br /> <br /> ;bash<br /> :bash is the standard linux shell for almost all popular distros. The shell <br /> <br /> interprets all other commands.<br /> <br /> ; batch<br /> : executes commands when load levels permit as specified atd<br /> <br /> ; bzip<br /> :A file compression utility, like gzip, but with better compression<br /> <br /> == C ==<br /> ; cat<br /> :Short for concatenate this program reads files and prints to standard output. <br /> <br /> ; cfdisk<br /> :A hard drive partitioning tool.<br /> <br /> ; chage<br /> :this command allows you to change information related to user passwords. i.e. <br /> <br /> when a password will expire.<br /> <br /> ; chattr<br /> :modifies file permissions in a way similar to chmod.<br /> <br /> ; chkconfig<br /> :manages which services will run in a specified runlevel<br /> <br /> ; chmod<br /> :changes the permissions for one or more files.<br /> <br /> ; chown<br /> :changes the ownership of one or more files both for the user and or the group.<br /> <br /> ; chpasswd <br /> : changes the password for a user.<br /> <br /> ;chroot<br /> : changes the root directory for a program, or for the users shell<br /> <br /> ;cksum<br /> :Runs a CRC checksum for all specified files. Used to verify that a file was not <br /> <br /> altered or corrupted during transfer.<br /> <br /> ;clear<br /> : has the same effect as pressing ctrl and L. This clears your terminal of all <br /> <br /> output.<br /> <br /> ;cp <br /> : This command is used to copy files or directories to another locations.<br /> <br /> ;cpio <br /> : this is an archiving tool similar to tar. intended to copy archive files to <br /> <br /> tape, or disk.<br /> <br /> ;crond<br /> :Executes commands at scheduled times as controlled by crontab<br /> <br /> ;crontab<br /> : at it's most basic level, crontab allows you to edit your crontab file. This is <br /> <br /> the file that controls what commands are set to run at a specific time.<br /> <br /> ;cupsd<br /> : starts the print scheduler.<br /> <br /> ;cut<br /> :allows you to cut information out from the specified files.<br /> <br /> ;cvs<br /> :short for concurrent versions system allows multiple users to change, and <br /> <br /> implement their changes to files concurrently.<br /> <br /> == D ==<br /> <br /> ;date<br /> : Prints the current date and time, this can also be used by administrators to <br /> <br /> change the date and time of the clock. See also hwclock.<br /> <br /> ;dd<br /> : short for data dump this command makes a bit for bit copy of a specified <br /> <br /> location. Though it can be a very powerful tool, this would not be used for <br /> <br /> standard backup, or data manipulation.<br /> <br /> ;df<br /> : Gives the available disk space of all mounted partitions, or on a specified <br /> <br /> mounted partition.<br /> <br /> ;diff<br /> : Used to show the differences between two files.<br /> <br /> ;dig<br /> : Used to lookup DNS servers similar to the deprecated nslookup command.<br /> <br /> ;dir<br /> : The same command as ls, even taking the same arguments. This command may not <br /> <br /> necessarily be part of your distro, but exists for simplicity of people familiar <br /> <br /> with Microsoft command line.<br /> <br /> ;disable<br /> :disables access to a printer.<br /> <br /> ;dmesg<br /> : a powerful troubleshooting command, this command displays the messages from the <br /> <br /> kernel ring buffer meaning the information that flys by while your system is <br /> <br /> booting.<br /> <br /> ;domainname<br /> : used to view or set the computers domain name.<br /> <br /> ;doexec<br /> : executes the specified command with defined options, and arguments.<br /> <br /> ;du<br /> : prints current disk usage for the specified location.<br /> <br /> ;dosfsck<br /> :similar to fsck, but used for dos filesystems. This command attempts to <br /> <br /> diagnose, and fix common filesystem errors.<br /> <br /> ;dump<br /> : this is a backup utility available for specific linux filesystems that can <br /> <br /> perform incremental backups after an initial full backup.<br /> <br /> == E ==<br /> <br /> ;e2fsck<br /> :similar to fsck or dosfsck, this command is used to diagnose and attempt repairs <br /> <br /> to a file system. Used for ext2 and ext3 systems.<br /> <br /> ;echo<br /> : prints input as standard output. Also can be used to view environmental <br /> <br /> variables.<br /> <br /> ;edquota<br /> : allows you to edit filesystem quotas.<br /> <br /> ;egrep<br /> : searches for lines that contain an extended regular expression.<br /> <br /> ;enable<br /> : enables printers.<br /> <br /> ;env<br /> :displays all environment variables this command can also be uses to change <br /> <br /> environment variables .<br /> <br /> ;expand<br /> : Converts tabs in files to defined number of spaces. <br /> <br /> == F ==<br /> <br /> ;factor<br /> : displays the prime number of specified number.<br /> <br /> ;false<br /> :This command returns an unsuccesful status. Peticularily useful in scripts.<br /> <br /> ;fdisk<br /> :used to view, and edit partitions, and to change active partitions.<br /> <br /> ;fetchmail<br /> : gets email from mailservers, and forwards it to the local system<br /> <br /> ;fgrep<br /> : a variant of the grep command, this command searches for information that <br /> <br /> matches the user defined input. This command is faster than grep, but may not be <br /> <br /> as powerful.<br /> <br /> ;file<br /> : gives information about the type of data the specified file contains.<br /> <br /> ;find<br /> : A search utility for linux that can search by a number of different types of <br /> <br /> data. e.g. name, type, or size.<br /> <br /> ;finger<br /> : gives information about specified users<br /> <br /> ;fmt<br /> : a command that can help unify formatting of text.<br /> <br /> ;fold<br /> : breaks the lines of a file. ie. you can format a text file to only be a set <br /> <br /> number of characters, bytes, or columns.<br /> <br /> ;free <br /> : gives information about current RAM, and swap space usage.<br /> <br /> ;fsck<br /> : checks and repairs damaged filesystems.<br /> <br /> == G ==<br /> <br /> ;gpasswd<br /> : changes specified group password.<br /> <br /> ;gpg<br /> : Stands for Gnu Privacy Guard. This command allows encryption and decryption of <br /> <br /> data.<br /> <br /> ;grep<br /> : This utility can be used to search for text within a file. When piped with <br /> <br /> other commands it is very powerful.<br /> <br /> ;groupadd<br /> : Creates new groups<br /> <br /> ;groupdel<br /> : deletes groups from the system<br /> <br /> ;groupmod<br /> : Modifies group information<br /> <br /> ;groups<br /> : Shows the groups to which a user belongs<br /> <br /> ;gs<br /> : Stands for GhostScript. This command is used to interpret Adobe's PostScript <br /> <br /> and PDF filetypes.<br /> <br /> ;gunzip<br /> : Used to unzip files compressed with gzip<br /> <br /> ;gzexe<br /> :used to compress executable files.<br /> <br /> ;gzip<br /> : used to compress files.<br /> <br /> == H ==<br /> <br /> ;halt<br /> :Turns of the computer.<br /> <br /> ;head<br /> : Prints the first several lines of specified files. <br /> <br /> ;host<br /> : Gives information about hosts, or zones contained in DNS<br /> <br /> ;hostname<br /> : sets or displays the current name of the host system.<br /> <br /> ;hwclock<br /> :views or changes the hardware clock. See also date command.<br /> <br /> == I ==<br /> <br /> ;iconv<br /> : converts files to a different character encoding<br /> <br /> ;id<br /> : displays information about specified user<br /> <br /> ;ifconfig<br /> : view, assigns or configures network interfaces and their addresses along with <br /> <br /> other information.<br /> <br /> ;inetd<br /> : A linux superserver for internet services.<br /> <br /> ;info<br /> : an interactive screen which can give information about many linux commands, <br /> <br /> directories, and other valuable linux information.<br /> <br /> ;init<br /> : Command used to initialize the system, and change runlevels.<br /> <br /> ;insmod<br /> : loads the specified file into the kernel. Not as robust as modprobe.<br /> <br /> ;iptables<br /> : can be used to specify IP rules, and potentially build a firewall.<br /> <br /> == J ==<br /> <br /> ;join<br /> : joins information in files to matching fields such as a line number.<br /> <br /> == K ==<br /> <br /> ;kernelversion<br /> : gives information about the kernel you are using<br /> <br /> ;kill<br /> : terminates process ids or PIDs<br /> <br /> ;Killall<br /> : kills all processes related to specified command name.<br /> <br /> ;klogd<br /> : allows you to specifiy what kernel messages are displayed, and prioritize them.<br /> <br /> == L ==<br /> <br /> ;last<br /> : Displays a list of the most recent logins.<br /> <br /> ;lastlog<br /> : display the last login times for system accounts<br /> <br /> ;less<br /> : pages files or output, is much more robust than the more command. less is more.<br /> <br /> ;lftp<br /> : A file transfer program that can use ftp, http, ftps, and https protocols.<br /> <br /> ;ln<br /> : Creates hard or soft links to files.<br /> <br /> ;locale<br /> : Displays current locale settings.<br /> <br /> ;locate<br /> : searches a database of file names. database is updated by updatedb command.<br /> <br /> ;logger<br /> : Adds information to the system log.<br /> <br /> ;login<br /> : Logs into the system<br /> <br /> ;logrotate<br /> :used to rotate, and otherwise manipulate log files.<br /> <br /> ;lpq<br /> : checks for the status of print jobs.<br /> <br /> ;lpr<br /> : sends files to be printed.<br /> <br /> ;lprm<br /> : allows for the cancelling of print jobs.<br /> <br /> ;ls<br /> : lists the specified directory.<br /> <br /> ;lspci<br /> :lists attached PCI devices<br /> <br /> ;lsof<br /> : Lists open files and information about the open files.<br /> <br /> ;lsmod<br /> : Lists loaded modules.<br /> <br /> ;lsusb<br /> : lists USB devices.<br /> <br /> == M ==<br /> <br /> ;mail<br /> : a command used for reading and sending mail to other users.<br /> <br /> ;mailq<br /> : shows messages currently in the mail queue<br /> <br /> ;man<br /> : shows the help manual for specified command<br /> <br /> ;mkdir<br /> : creates directories.<br /> <br /> ;modinfo<br /> : gives information about the specified module<br /> <br /> ;modprobe<br /> : attempts to load a module, as well as all modules original module depends on.<br /> <br /> ;more<br /> : pages files or other input<br /> <br /> ;mount<br /> : tries to mount the specified drive.<br /> <br /> ;mv<br /> Used to move, or rename files or directories.<br /> <br /> == N ==<br /> <br /> ;netstat<br /> : a command used to give information on active ports, and other network <br /> <br /> information<br /> <br /> ;newgrp<br /> : changes users default group.<br /> <br /> ;nice<br /> : allows for the priority of a command to be raised or lowered<br /> <br /> ;nslookup<br /> : looks up domain nameservers. Has been replaced with dig and host commands.<br /> <br /> == O ==<br /> <br /> == P ==<br /> <br /> ;passwd<br /> : allows the creation or changin of a password associated with a user<br /> <br /> ;paste<br /> : merges lines of files into tab-separated columns<br /> <br /> ;pidof<br /> : Show the process IDs of the requested program<br /> <br /> ;ping<br /> :used to test network connectivity. displays basic information on requested ip <br /> <br /> address, and response times.<br /> <br /> ;pr<br /> : prepares a text file for a printer friendly format.<br /> <br /> ;ps<br /> :shows information about running processes.<br /> <br /> ;pwd<br /> :Prints the entire path of the current working directory.<br /> <br /> == Q ==<br /> <br /> ;quota<br /> : displays information on specified user and group disk quotas.<br /> <br /> ;quotacheck<br /> : checks and corrects disk quota information. Usually ran at startup<br /> <br /> ;quotaon<br /> : turns on the disk quota requirements.<br /> <br /> ;quotaoff<br /> : turns of the disk quota requirements.<br /> <br /> ;quotastats<br /> : displays disk quota information<br /> <br /> == R ==<br /> <br /> ;reboot<br /> : reboots the system.<br /> <br /> ;reject<br /> : tells printing system to reject specified destinations<br /> <br /> ;renice<br /> :changes the priority of already running processes<br /> <br /> ;repquota<br /> : creates a report for diskusage and quotas on the specified disk.<br /> <br /> ;reset<br /> : essentially the same as hitting the reset button, but this command is limited <br /> <br /> to the terminal<br /> <br /> ;restore<br /> : restores backup files from a dump. See also dump.<br /> <br /> ;rm<br /> : deletes files, and if passed the correct option, directories also.<br /> <br /> ;rmdir<br /> : deletes directories, but not not the files they might contain.<br /> <br /> ;rmmod<br /> :uninstalls modules from the kernel, generally you would want to use modprobe <br /> <br /> instead.<br /> <br /> ;route<br /> : allows the addition or deletion of entries in the routing tables.<br /> <br /> ;rpm<br /> : the red hat package manager. Used to install, upgrade, and uninstall packages.<br /> <br /> ;rsync<br /> : used to transfer files, typically accross a newtork.<br /> <br /> ;runlevel<br /> : displays runlevel information<br /> <br /> == S ==<br /> <br /> ;scp<br /> : used to securely transfer files.<br /> <br /> ;sed<br /> : Sed is a stream editor used to make basic changes to an input stream.<br /> <br /> ;seq<br /> : this command is used to print one incremental number per line to standard <br /> <br /> output.<br /> <br /> ;setquota<br /> : used to set a diskquota<br /> <br /> ;sftp<br /> : a secure file trasfer protocol that can be used via command line.<br /> <br /> ;sh<br /> : the standard unix shell.<br /> <br /> ;shred<br /> : securely overwrites, and deletes files.<br /> <br /> ;shutdown<br /> : used to shutdown the computer. Can be set to shutdown in a certain amount of <br /> <br /> time, or at a certain time.<br /> <br /> ;size<br /> : shows the six of a file<br /> <br /> ;sleep<br /> : defines a period of time the computer shou wait before processing another <br /> <br /> command<br /> <br /> ;ssh<br /> : Used to logon securely to another server, and run commands.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-add<br /> : Adds identities the the authentication agent.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-agent<br /> : Used to hold private key for use with public key authentication<br /> <br /> ;ssh-keygen<br /> : Used to generate and manage authentication keys for SSH.<br /> <br /> ;ssh-keyscan<br /> : uses to gather public and private keys from other hosts.<br /> <br /> ;stat<br /> : displays file or system status<br /> <br /> ; su<br /> : Switches User, if no user is given attempts to become superuser.<br /> <br /> ;sudo<br /> : Gives access to execute command as another user<br /> <br /> ;sum<br /> : creates a checksum for the specified file<br /> <br /> ;swapoff<br /> :disables devices for swapping<br /> <br /> ;swapon<br /> :enables devices for swapping<br /> <br /> == T == <br /> <br /> ;tail<br /> : Displays the last 10 lines of requested files<br /> <br /> ;talk<br /> : a basic chat program <br /> <br /> ;tar<br /> :This command stands for tape archiving. It is used to copy or restore files from <br /> <br /> tape or disk<br /> <br /> ;tcpd<br /> : command to monitor incoming requests for specific services<br /> <br /> ;tcpdump<br /> : this command allows you to dump tcpip information to a medium to be examined.<br /> <br /> ;telnet<br /> : allows logging into another system remotely, and executing commands<br /> <br /> ;tftp<br /> : allows users to transfer files to and from remote machines.<br /> <br /> ;top<br /> : top provides information about the most cpu intensive processes running.<br /> <br /> ;touch<br /> :creates files, and or can update access and modification times of a file.<br /> <br /> ;tr<br /> : stands for translates character, and does just that, translating the characters <br /> <br /> you specify into another set of characters you specify.<br /> <br /> ;tracepath<br /> : traces the path to the specified host. Not as robust as traceroute<br /> <br /> ;traceroute<br /> : traces path to specified host.<br /> <br /> ;true<br /> : a command that returns a successful status.<br /> <br /> == U ==<br /> <br /> ;umount<br /> :unmount the specified filesystem<br /> <br /> ;uname<br /> : displays information about the machine and operating system<br /> <br /> ;uptime<br /> : prints information about the current sessions.<br /> <br /> ;useradd<br /> : creates new user accounts.<br /> <br /> ;userdel<br /> :deletes specified ser accounts<br /> <br /> ;usermod<br /> : allows for modification of user accounts.<br /> <br /> == V ==<br /> <br /> ;vi<br /> : a text editor<br /> <br /> ;vmstat<br /> : gives information on virtual memory<br /> <br /> == W ==<br /> <br /> ;w<br /> : gives information on currently logged in users, and their activities.<br /> <br /> ;warnquota<br /> : used to set the why and who of to email when a user reaches their soft quota <br /> <br /> limit.<br /> <br /> ;wget<br /> : used for basic file downloading over the web<br /> <br /> ;whatis<br /> : A way to search for linux commands from the command prompts.<br /> <br /> ;whereis<br /> :locates the source and manual pages for linux commands and files.<br /> <br /> ;which<br /> : lists the pathnames of the files that would be executed if the specified <br /> <br /> command had been run.<br /> <br /> ;who<br /> : shows who is logged into the system<br /> <br /> ;whois<br /> : searches whois for information on a domain name, or IP<br /> <br /> ;write<br /> : a way to initiate or respond to an interactive conversation with another user<br /> <br /> == X ==<br /> <br /> ;xargs<br /> : builds and execute command lines from standard input.<br /> <br /> ;xinetd<br /> : A linux Superserver that listens to tcpip requests on behalf of other programs.<br /> <br /> == Y == <br /> <br /> ;yes<br /> : repeatedly outputs a line with specified strings, or just a y if unspecified. <br /> <br /> Used mostly in scripts.<br /> <br /> == Z ==</div>

Dbliss0921 https://wiki.ihitc.net/mediawiki/index.php?title=Franske_Current_Student_Projects&diff=3876 2010-12-15T03:02:06Z

<p>Dbliss0921: /* CNT 2311 */</p> <hr /> <div>=FALL 2010=<br /> ==CNT 2311==<br /> * [[Understanding Linux Permission Sets]] - Casey McBride<br /> * NAT with a Linux System - Tsega Terefe<br /> * Alphabetical Linux Command List - Don Bliss<br /> <br /> ==CNT 2540==<br /> * [[Wake On LAN]] - Lue YANG<br /> * Lab Maintenance - Samuel Francis<br /> * Update/Correct Frame Relay and ISDN Labs - Adam Nelson &amp; Dan Martin</div>

Dbliss0921